महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-41, verse-19

ततस्तस्य वचः श्रुत्वा श्रद्दधाना वराङ्गनाः ।
श्वशुरं समनुज्ञाप्य विविशुर्जाह्नवीजलम् ॥१९॥

19. tatastasya vacaḥ śrutvā śraddadhānā varāṅganāḥ ,
śvaśuraṁ samanujñāpya viviśurjāhnavījalam.

19. tataḥ tasya vacaḥ śrutvā śraddadhānāḥ varāṅganāḥ
śvaśuram samanujñāpya viviśuḥ jāhnavījalam

19. tataḥ tasya vacaḥ śrutvā śraddadhānāḥ varāṅganāḥ
śvaśuram samanujñāpya jāhnavījalam viviśuḥ

19. Then, having heard his words, the faithful excellent women, after taking leave of their father-in-law, entered the waters of the Ganga.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• तस्य (tasya) - referring to the great sage (Vyasa) (his, of him)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• श्रद्दधानाः (śraddadhānāḥ) - faithful, having faith, believing

• वराङ्गनाः (varāṅganāḥ) - excellent women, beautiful women

• श्वशुरम् (śvaśuram) - referring to Vyasa, the great sage (father-in-law)

• समनुज्ञाप्य (samanujñāpya) - having taken leave of, having obtained permission

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

• जाह्नवीजलम् (jāhnavījalam) - water of the Ganga (Jahnavi)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

तस्य (tasya) - referring to the great sage (Vyasa) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive for 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, command

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The nominal form can be nominative or accusative singular neuter, here it's accusative.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śru'.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Connects actions performed by the same subject.

श्रद्दधानाः (śraddadhānāḥ) - faithful, having faith, believing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śraddadhāna

śraddadhāna - having faith, believing, faithful

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root 'dhā' (to place) with prefix 'śrad'.

Prefix: śrad

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'varāṅganāḥ'.

वराङ्गनाः (varāṅganāḥ) - excellent women, beautiful women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of varāṅganā

varāṅganā - excellent woman, beautiful woman

Compound of 'vara' (excellent) and 'aṅganā' (woman).

Compound type : karmadharaya (vara+aṅganā)

• vara – excellent, best, boon, suitor
  adjective
  From root 'vṛ' (to choose).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• aṅganā – woman, lady
  noun (feminine)
  Root: aṅg

श्वशुरम् (śvaśuram) - referring to Vyasa, the great sage (father-in-law)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śvaśura

śvaśura - father-in-law

समनुज्ञाप्य (samanujñāpya) - having taken leave of, having obtained permission

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) in causative

From root 'jñā' with prefixes 'sam' and 'anu', in the causative voice. Literally 'having caused to permit/know'.

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as a preceding action for 'viviśuḥ'.

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of viś

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect form of 'viś'.

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb for 'varāṅganāḥ'.

जाह्नवीजलम् (jāhnavījalam) - water of the Ganga (Jahnavi)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāhnavījala

jāhnavījala - water of the Ganga river (Jahnavi)

Compound of 'jāhnavī' (Ganga river) and 'jala' (water).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jāhnavī+jala)

• jāhnavī – the river Ganga (descendant of Jahnu)
  proper noun (feminine)
  Feminine form derived from Jahnu.
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jal (class 1)

Note: Object of 'viviśuḥ'.