महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-41, verse-10

समागतास्ताः पितृभिर्भ्रातृभिः पतिभिः सुतैः ।
मुदं परमिकां प्राप्य नार्यो दुःखमथात्यजन् ॥१०॥

10. samāgatāstāḥ pitṛbhirbhrātṛbhiḥ patibhiḥ sutaiḥ ,
mudaṁ paramikāṁ prāpya nāryo duḥkhamathātyajan.

10. samāgatāḥ tāḥ pitṛbhiḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ patibhiḥ sutaiḥ
mudam paramikām prāpya nāryaḥ duḥkham atha atyajan

10. tāḥ nāryaḥ pitṛbhiḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ patibhiḥ sutaiḥ
samāgatāḥ paramikām mudam prāpya atha duḥkham atyajan

10. Those women, having reunited with their fathers, brothers, husbands, and sons, attained supreme joy, and then they abandoned their sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - reunited, come together

• ताः (tāḥ) - those, they

• पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - with fathers

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with brothers

• पतिभिः (patibhiḥ) - with husbands

• सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - with sons

• मुदम् (mudam) - joy, delight, pleasure

• परमिकाम् (paramikām) - supreme, highest, greatest

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having gained

• नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women, wives

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

• अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, and so

• अत्यजन् (atyajan) - they abandoned, they gave up, they renounced

Words meanings and morphology

समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - reunited, come together

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - come together, assembled, reunited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root gam with prefixes sam and ā, forming a past passive participle.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `tāḥ nāryaḥ`.

ताः (tāḥ) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the women.

पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - with fathers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Co-occurs with `samāgatāḥ`.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Co-occurs with `samāgatāḥ`.

पतिभिः (patibhiḥ) - with husbands

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Note: Co-occurs with `samāgatāḥ`.

सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - with sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son

Past Passive Participle (of su, to generate)

From root su (to beget, generate).

Root: su (class 2)

Note: Co-occurs with `samāgatāḥ`.

मुदम् (mudam) - joy, delight, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

From root mud (to rejoice).

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Object of `prāpya`.

परमिकाम् (paramikām) - supreme, highest, greatest

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paramika

paramika - supreme, highest, greatest

Intensified form of parama.

Note: Qualifies `mudam`.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having gained

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from verb root āp with prefix pra, forming an absolutive.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women, wives

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

Note: Subject of `atyajan`.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, misery

Note: Object of `atyajan`.

अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, and so

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions.

अत्यजन् (atyajan) - they abandoned, they gave up, they renounced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of tyaj

Root tyaj (1st class), Parasmaipada, Imperfect tense. Prefix ati- can indicate 'beyond' or 'away from', here reinforcing 'abandoned'.

Prefix: ati

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to `nāryaḥ`.