महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-83, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स तु वाजी समुद्रान्तां पर्येत्य पृथिवीमिमाम् ।
निवृत्तोऽभिमुखो राजन्येन नागाह्वयं पुरम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa tu vājī samudrāntāṁ paryetya pṛthivīmimām ,
nivṛtto'bhimukho rājanyena nāgāhvayaṁ puram.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca saḥ tu vājī samudrāntām paryetya pṛthivīm
imām nivṛttaḥ abhimukhaḥ rājan yena nāgāhvayam puram

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca.
rājan,
saḥ tu vājī imām samudrāntām pṛthivīm paryetya,
yena nāgāhvayam puram (asti),
tat abhimukhaḥ nivṛttaḥ (abhavat).

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: 'O king, that very horse, having traversed this ocean-bound earth, returned, facing towards the city called Nāga (Hastinapura).'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the horse (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वाजी (vājī) - the sacrificial horse that wandered the earth (horse (masculine nominative singular))

• समुद्रान्ताम् (samudrāntām) - describing the entire earth that the horse traversed (ocean-bordered, ending at the ocean (feminine accusative singular))

• पर्येत्य (paryetya) - having traversed, having gone around

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth (feminine accusative singular)

• इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine accusative singular)

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - the horse having returned from its wandering (returned, turned back, ceased (masculine nominative singular))

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing towards the city of Nāga (Hastinapura) (facing towards, directed to (masculine nominative singular))

• राजन् (rājan) - Vaiśaṃpāyana addressing King Janamejaya (O king (vocative singular))

• येन (yena) - by which way (towards the city) (by which, wherefore, by which way)

• नागाह्वयम् (nāgāhvayam) - referring to Hastinapura, which was also known as Nāgapura (named Nāga, called Nāga (neuter accusative singular))

• पुरम् (puram) - Hastinapura (city, town, fortress (neuter accusative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - referring to the horse (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

वाजी (vājī) - the sacrificial horse that wandered the earth (horse (masculine nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vājin

vājin - horse, strong, swift

Root: vāj (class 1)

समुद्रान्ताम् (samudrāntām) - describing the entire earth that the horse traversed (ocean-bordered, ending at the ocean (feminine accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of samudrānta

samudrānta - ocean-bordered, ending at the ocean

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samudra+anta)

• samudra – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, border, limit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ant

पर्येत्य (paryetya) - having traversed, having gone around

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root 'i' with upasargas 'pari' and 'ati', forming 'paryeti' + suffix 'lyaP'

Prefixes: pari+ati

Root: i (class 2)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth (feminine accusative singular)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

Root: pṛth

इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - the horse having returned from its wandering (returned, turned back, ceased (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased

Past Passive Participle

from root 'vṛt' with upasarga 'ni', suffix 'kta'

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing towards the city of Nāga (Hastinapura) (facing towards, directed to (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing towards, directed to

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, to, over
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

राजन् (rājan) - Vaiśaṃpāyana addressing King Janamejaya (O king (vocative singular))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

येन (yena) - by which way (towards the city) (by which, wherefore, by which way)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'by which way'.

नागाह्वयम् (nāgāhvayam) - referring to Hastinapura, which was also known as Nāgapura (named Nāga, called Nāga (neuter accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgāhvaya

nāgāhvaya - named Nāga, called Nāga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+āhvaya)

• nāga – serpent, elephant, also a name/epithet
  noun (masculine)
• āhvaya – name, appellation
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root 'hve' with upasarga 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'puram'.

पुरम् (puram) - Hastinapura (city, town, fortress (neuter accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress