महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-97, verse-27

सर्वं हि वेत्थ विप्र त्वं यदेतत्कीर्तितं मया ।
प्रसादये त्वा विप्रर्षे किं ते सूर्यो निपात्यते ॥२७॥

27. sarvaṁ hi vettha vipra tvaṁ yadetatkīrtitaṁ mayā ,
prasādaye tvā viprarṣe kiṁ te sūryo nipātyate.

27. sarvam hi vettha vipra tvam yat etat kīrtitam mayā
| prasādaye tvā viprarṣe kim te sūryaḥ nipātyate

27. vipra tvam hi sarvam vettha yat etat mayā kīrtitam.
viprarṣe,
tvā prasādaye.
kim te sūryaḥ nipātyate?

27. Indeed, O Brahmin, you know everything that has been declared by me. O sage among Brahmins, I seek your favor. Why are you causing the sun to fall [i.e., making clear what is already evident]?

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin, O learned one

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• एतत् (etat) - this, that

• कीर्तितम् (kīrtitam) - declared, spoken, mentioned

• मया (mayā) - by me

• प्रसादये (prasādaye) - I propitiate, I calm, I ask for favor

• त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

• विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O sage among Brahmins, O Brahmin-sage

• किम् (kim) - Why? (interrogative adverb) (what, why)

• ते (te) - by you (agent in passive construction) (by you, for you, to you)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

• निपात्यते (nipātyate) - Is being explained (what is already clear), or is being belittled. Idiomatic. (is caused to fall, is thrown down, is made low)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Context indicates accusative (object of vettha).

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lit) of vid

Perfect tense (irregular), or Present (archaic)

Root vid (2nd class, vetti), perfect form vettha (you know).

Root: vid (class 2)

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin, O learned one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, priest, learned person, inspired

From root vip (to tremble, inspire).

Root: vip (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun, neuter singular.

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Antecedent for etat kīrtitam.

एतत् (etat) - this, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that (demonstrative pronoun)

Neuter singular.

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

कीर्तितम् (kīrtitam) - declared, spoken, mentioned

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kīrtita

kīrtita - declared, mentioned, praised

Past Passive Participle

From causal stem kīrtay (of root kṛt) with suffix -ta.

Root: kṛt (class 10)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I (pronoun)

Instrumental singular of asmad.

Note: Agent of the passive participle kīrtitam.

प्रसादये (prasādaye) - I propitiate, I calm, I ask for favor

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sad

Present tense, Causal, Middle voice

pra + ā + root sad (1st class sīdati), causal stem sādayati/sādayate. prasādaye is 1st person singular middle voice.

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The middle voice prasādaye can mean 'I propitiate for myself' or 'I soothe'.

त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Accusative singular enclitic form of yuṣmad.

Note: Enclitic form.

विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O sage among Brahmins, O Brahmin-sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi

viprarṣi - Brahmin-sage, sage among Brahmins

Compound type : tatpurusha (vipra+ṛṣi)

• vipra – Brahmin, priest, learned person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vip (class 1)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛṣ (to go, to move).
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

किम् (kim) - Why? (interrogative adverb) (what, why)

(indeclinable)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of kad, or adverb.

ते (te) - by you (agent in passive construction) (by you, for you, to you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Dative/Genitive singular enclitic form of yuṣmad.

Note: Enclitic form. Here implies agent of passive verb nipātyate.

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun god

Root: sūr (class 1)

Note: Subject of passive verb.

निपात्यते (nipātyate) - Is being explained (what is already clear), or is being belittled. Idiomatic. (is caused to fall, is thrown down, is made low)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pat

Present tense, Passive voice

ni + causal stem pātay (from root pat, 1st class patati) + passive ending yate. pātyate is passive of causal pātayati.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)