महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-97, verse-18

भीष्म उवाच ।
स विस्फार्य धनुर्दिव्यं गृहीत्वा च बहूञ्शरान् ।
अतिष्ठत्सूर्यमभितो यतो याति ततोमुखः ॥१८॥

18. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sa visphārya dhanurdivyaṁ gṛhītvā ca bahūñśarān ,
atiṣṭhatsūryamabhito yato yāti tatomukhaḥ.

18. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | saḥ visphārya dhanuḥ divyam gṛhītvā ca bahūn
śarān | atiṣṭhat sūryam abhitaḥ yataḥ yāti tataḥ mukhaḥ

18. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
saḥ divyam dhanuḥ visphārya ca bahūn śarān gṛhītvā yataḥ sūryam yāti tataḥ mukhaḥ abhitaḥ atiṣṭhat.

18. Bhishma said: 'He (Jamadagni), having strung his divine bow and taken many arrows, stood facing the Sun (Sūrya), turning his face in whichever direction it went.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a character in the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सः (saḥ) - he (Jamadagni) (he, that)

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having twanged, having strung (a bow)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (bow) (divine, heavenly)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (arrows) (many)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - he stood, he remained

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the deity (Sūrya) (the Sun)

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - facing (the Sun) (around, on all sides, facing)

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, wherever, in whichever direction

• याति (yāti) - goes, moves

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, in that direction

• मुखः (mukhaḥ) - facing (in that direction) (face, mouth; (as suffix) facing, having face)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a character in the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a prominent warrior and elder in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Third person singular, perfect active of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (Jamadagni) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having twanged, having strung (a bow)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From causative stem of root sphṛ (to throb, expand) with prefix vi-, suffix -ya.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphṛ (class 6)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (bow) (divine, heavenly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, supernatural

Root: div (class 4)

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root grah (to seize, take) with suffix -tvā.

Root: grah (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बहून् (bahūn) - many (arrows) (many)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - he stood, he remained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect Active

Third person singular, imperfect active of root sthā (with augment a-).

Root: sthā (class 1)

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the deity (Sūrya) (the Sun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - Sun, the Sun god

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - facing (the Sun) (around, on all sides, facing)

(indeclinable)

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, wherever, in whichever direction

(indeclinable)

याति (yāti) - goes, moves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Active

Third person singular, present active of root yā.

Root: yā (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, in that direction

(indeclinable)

मुखः (mukhaḥ) - facing (in that direction) (face, mouth; (as suffix) facing, having face)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, opening, front