महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-97, verse-21

ततोऽन्नं जायते विप्र मनुष्याणां सुखावहम् ।
अन्नं प्राणा इति यथा वेदेषु परिपठ्यते ॥२१॥

21. tato'nnaṁ jāyate vipra manuṣyāṇāṁ sukhāvaham ,
annaṁ prāṇā iti yathā vedeṣu paripaṭhyate.

21. tataḥ annam jāyate vipra manuṣyāṇām sukhāvaham
annam prāṇāḥ iti yathā vedeṣu paripaṭhyate

21. vipra tataḥ manuṣyāṇām sukhāvaham annam jāyate
yathā vedeṣu annam prāṇāḥ iti paripaṭhyate

21. From that (rain), O Brahmin, arises food that brings happiness to human beings. As it is declared in the Vedas: 'Food (annam) is vital life force (prāṇa).'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that (rain mentioned in the previous verse) (then, thereupon, from that)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, is produced

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin, O inspired one

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of mankind

• सुखावहम् (sukhāvaham) - bringing happiness, pleasant, conducive to well-being

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital life force (prāṇa) (life-breaths, vital airs, life force)

• इति (iti) - introduces a quotation or statement (thus, so, (quote marker))

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas

• परिपठ्यते (paripaṭhyate) - is read, is declared, is taught

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - from that (rain mentioned in the previous verse) (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, rice

past passive participle (from ad)

From root `ad` (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, is produced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

present tense, middle voice (4th class)

3rd person singular, present indicative, middle voice, from root `jan`

Root: jan (class 4)

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin, O inspired one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of mankind

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, man

सुखावहम् (sukhāvaham) - bringing happiness, pleasant, conducive to well-being

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukhāvaha

sukhāvaha - bringing happiness, causing joy

Compound of `sukha` (happiness) and `āvaha` (bringing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+āvaha)

• sukha – happiness, joy, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/derivative
  From `ā-vah` (to bring)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, rice

past passive participle (from ad)

From root `ad` (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital life force (prāṇa) (life-breaths, vital airs, life force)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, vital principle

इति (iti) - introduces a quotation or statement (thus, so, (quote marker))

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge

परिपठ्यते (paripaṭhyate) - is read, is declared, is taught

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of pari-paṭh

present tense, passive voice

3rd person singular, present indicative, passive voice, from root `paṭh` with prefix `pari`

Prefix: pari

Root: paṭh (class 1)