महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-97, verse-14

स तामृषिस्ततः क्रुद्धो वाक्यमाह शुभाननाम् ।
रेणुके किं चिरेण त्वमागतेति पुनः पुनः ॥१४॥

14. sa tāmṛṣistataḥ kruddho vākyamāha śubhānanām ,
reṇuke kiṁ cireṇa tvamāgateti punaḥ punaḥ.

14. saḥ tām ṛṣiḥ tataḥ kruddhaḥ vākyam āha śubhānanām
reṇuke kim cireṇa tvam āgatā iti punaḥ punaḥ

14. tataḥ saḥ kruddhaḥ ṛṣiḥ tām śubhānanām vākyam
punaḥ punaḥ āha "reṇuke kim cireṇa tvam āgatā iti"

14. Then that angry sage said to her, the beautiful-faced Renuka, 'O Renuka, why have you arrived so late?' He repeated this again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that sage (Jamadagni) (he, that (masculine))

• ताम् (tām) - her (Renuka) (her, that (feminine accusative))

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage Jamadagni (sage, seer, inspired poet)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - the angry (sage) (angry, enraged)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a statement (which he spoke) (word, speech, sentence, statement)

• आह (āha) - he (the sage) said (he said, he spoke)

• शुभाननाम् (śubhānanām) - to the beautiful-faced one (Renuka) (beautiful-faced)

• रेणुके (reṇuke) - directly addressing Renuka (O Renuka!)

• किम् (kim) - why? (interrogative adverb) (what? why?)

• चिरेण (cireṇa) - after a long time, so late (with delay, after a long time)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Renuka) (you (singular))

• आगता (āgatā) - you (fem.) have arrived (come, arrived)

• इति (iti) - marking the end of the direct speech (thus, so, in this way (quotative particle))

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (part of 'again and again') (again, anew, repeatedly)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that sage (Jamadagni) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ताम् (tām) - her (Renuka) (her, that (feminine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage Jamadagni (sage, seer, inspired poet)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer

From root √ṛṣ (to go, to move swiftly)

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tas (ablative suffix)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - the angry (sage) (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

From root √krudh (to be angry) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Root: krudh (class 4)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a statement (which he spoke) (word, speech, sentence, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement, declaration

From vac (to speak) + nyaT (suffix)

Root: vac (class 2)

आह (āha) - he (the sage) said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √brū

Perfect active (irregular)

3rd person singular, perfect active of √brū (to speak, say). `āha` is an ancient perfect form.

Root: brū (class 2)

शुभाननाम् (śubhānanām) - to the beautiful-faced one (Renuka) (beautiful-faced)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubhānana

śubhānana - beautiful-faced, having an auspicious face

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śubha+ānana)

• śubha – auspicious, beautiful, good
  adjective
  Root: śubh (class 1)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From root √an (to breathe) + ā (prefix)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used as an epithet for Renuka.

रेणुके (reṇuke) - directly addressing Renuka (O Renuka!)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of reṇukā

reṇukā - Renuka (proper noun)

Name of a legendary woman, wife of sage Jamadagni.

किम् (kim) - why? (interrogative adverb) (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative particle/adverb.

Note: Used here as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why'.

चिरेण (cireṇa) - after a long time, so late (with delay, after a long time)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cira

cira - long (of time), lasting, old

Note: Used adverbially.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Renuka) (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आगता (āgatā) - you (fem.) have arrived (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā + root √gam (to go) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative use with `tvam`.

इति (iti) - marking the end of the direct speech (thus, so, in this way (quotative particle))

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (part of 'again and again') (again, anew, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.