महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-8, verse-4

येषां वृद्धाश्च बालाश्च पितृपैतामहीं धुरम् ।
उद्वहन्ति न सीदन्ति तेषां वै स्पृहयाम्यहम् ॥४॥

4. yeṣāṁ vṛddhāśca bālāśca pitṛpaitāmahīṁ dhuram ,
udvahanti na sīdanti teṣāṁ vai spṛhayāmyaham.

4. yeṣām vṛddhāḥ ca bālāḥ ca pitṛpaitāmahīm dhuram
udvahanti na sīdanti teṣām vai spṛhayāmi aham

4. yeṣām vṛddhāḥ ca bālāḥ ca pitṛpaitāmahīm dhuram
udvahanti na sīdanti teṣām vai aham spṛhayāmi

4. I indeed hold in high esteem those whose elders and children alike bear the ancestral burden without faltering.

Words meanings summery:

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

• वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - elders, old people

• च (ca) - and

• बालाः (bālāḥ) - children, young ones

• च (ca) - and

• पितृपैतामहीम् (pitṛpaitāmahīm) - ancestral, paternal

• धुरम् (dhuram) - burden, yoke, responsibility

• उद्वहन्ति (udvahanti) - they carry, they bear

• न (na) - not

• सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - they falter, they sink, they become weary

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• स्पृहयामि (spṛhayāmi) - I desire, I long for, I admire

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which

वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - elders, old people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown

past passive participle

from root vṛdh + kta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बालाः (bālāḥ) - children, young ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - child, young, ignorant

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पितृपैतामहीम् (pitṛpaitāmahīm) - ancestral, paternal

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pitṛpaitāmahī

pitṛpaitāmahī - paternal and ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+paitāmahī)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• paitāmahī – relating to the paternal grandfather, ancestral
  adjective (feminine)
  from pitāmaha + aṇ, with feminine suffix ī

Note: The base is pitṛpaitāmaha, feminine form is pitṛpaitāmahī

धुरम् (dhuram) - burden, yoke, responsibility

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhur

dhur - burden, yoke, responsibility

उद्वहन्ति (udvahanti) - they carry, they bear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udvah

present active 3rd plural

From root vah with prefix ud, present tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Prefix: ud

Root: vah (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - they falter, they sink, they become weary

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sad

present active 3rd plural

From root sad, present tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural (with strengthening of vowel)

Root: sad (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

स्पृहयामि (spṛhayāmi) - I desire, I long for, I admire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of spṛh

present active 1st singular

From root spṛh, present tense, parasmaipada, 1st person singular

Root: spṛh (class 10)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we