महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-63, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
श्रुतं मे भवतो वाक्यमन्नदानस्य यो विधिः ।
नक्षत्रयोगस्येदानीं दानकल्पं ब्रवीहि मे ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
śrutaṁ me bhavato vākyamannadānasya yo vidhiḥ ,
nakṣatrayogasyedānīṁ dānakalpaṁ bravīhi me.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca śrutam me bhavataḥ vākyam annadānasya
yaḥ vidhiḥ nakṣatrayogasya idānīm dānakalpam bravīhi me

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca me bhavataḥ vākyam annadānasya yaḥ
vidhiḥ śrutam idānīm nakṣatrayogasya dānakalpam me bravīhi

1. Yudhishthira said: 'I have heard your discourse concerning the method for the giving of food (dāna). Now, please tell me the rule for giving (dāna) in relation to the conjunction of constellations.'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - has been heard (heard, listened, understood)

• मे (me) - by me (agent of passive 'śrutam') (to me, by me, for me (dative/genitive of 'I'))

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your, from you (as the speaker) (of you, from you, by you (polite form, genitive/ablative))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - discourse, statement (word, speech, statement, sentence)

• अन्नदानस्य (annadānasya) - of the method of giving food (of food-giving, of the giving of food)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (refers to 'vidhiḥ') (which, who (masc. sg. nom.))

• विधिः (vidhiḥ) - method, rule (rule, method, ordinance, injunction, fate)

• नक्षत्रयोगस्य (nakṣatrayogasya) - of the conjunction of constellations (of the conjunction of constellations, of the auspicious combination of stars)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now (now, at this time)

• दानकल्पम् (dānakalpam) - the rule for giving (dāna) (the rule/method of giving (dāna))

• ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell (tell, speak, say (imperative))

• मे (me) - to me (indirect object) (to me, for me (dative of 'I'))

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas)

Compound from yudhi (in battle) and sthira (firm, steady)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular perfect of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - has been heard (heard, listened, understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened to; sacred knowledge, what has been heard (Veda)

Past Passive Participle

from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Acts as predicate.

मे (me) - by me (agent of passive 'śrutam') (to me, by me, for me (dative/genitive of 'I'))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

1st person singular pronoun

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your, from you (as the speaker) (of you, from you, by you (polite form, genitive/ablative))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you; being, existing

Present Active Participle (when used as 'being')

Polite second person pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - discourse, statement (word, speech, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, statement, sentence

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: It is the subject of the passive construction 'śrutam me'.

अन्नदानस्य (annadānasya) - of the method of giving food (of food-giving, of the giving of food)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of annadāna

annadāna - the giving of food, food-charity

Compound from anna (food) and dāna (giving)

Compound type : tatpurusha (anna+dāna)

• anna – food, rice, corn
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• dāna – giving, gift, charity, liberality
  noun (neuter)
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'vidhiḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - which (refers to 'vidhiḥ') (which, who (masc. sg. nom.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun

विधिः (vidhiḥ) - method, rule (rule, method, ordinance, injunction, fate)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, precept, method, manner, ordinance, injunction, fate

from root dhā (to place) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

नक्षत्रयोगस्य (nakṣatrayogasya) - of the conjunction of constellations (of the conjunction of constellations, of the auspicious combination of stars)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nakṣatrayoga

nakṣatrayoga - conjunction of a constellation, auspicious combination of stars

Compound from nakṣatra (star, constellation) and yoga (conjunction)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nakṣatra+yoga)

• nakṣatra – star, constellation, lunar mansion
  noun (neuter)
• yoga – union, conjunction, application, discipline, spiritual practice
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj (to join, unite)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'dānakalpam' implicitly.

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now (now, at this time)

(indeclinable)

दानकल्पम् (dānakalpam) - the rule for giving (dāna) (the rule/method of giving (dāna))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dānakalpa

dānakalpa - rule or method of giving, an ordinance regarding gifts

Compound from dāna (giving) and kalpa (rule, ordinance)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dāna+kalpa)

• dāna – giving, gift, charity, liberality
  noun (neuter)
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• kalpa – rule, ordinance, sacred precept, procedure, aeon
  noun (masculine)
  From root kḷp (to be in order)
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Object of 'bravīhi'.

ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell (tell, speak, say (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative, Parasmaipada

2nd person singular imperative of root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - to me (indirect object) (to me, for me (dative of 'I'))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

1st person singular pronoun