महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-28, verse-8

स यज्ञकारः कौन्तेय पित्रा सृष्टः परंतप ।
प्रायाद्गर्दभयुक्तेन रथेनेहाशुगामिना ॥८॥

8. sa yajñakāraḥ kaunteya pitrā sṛṣṭaḥ paraṁtapa ,
prāyādgardabhayuktena rathenehāśugāminā.

8. sa yajñakāraḥ kaunteya pitrā sṛṣṭaḥ paraṃtapa
prāyāt gardabhayuktena rathena iha āśugāminā

8. kaunteya paraṃtapa pitrā sṛṣṭaḥ sa yajñakāraḥ
gardabhayuktena āśugāminā rathena iha prāyāt

8. O son of Kunti (Kaunteya), O scorcher of foes (paraṃtapa), that performer of Vedic rituals (yajñakāraḥ), sent by his father, departed from here in a swift-moving chariot pulled by a donkey.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• यज्ञकारः (yajñakāraḥ) - performer of Vedic rituals

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (O son of Kunti)

• पित्रा (pitrā) - by his father

• सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created, sent, appointed

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes

• प्रायात् (prāyāt) - departed, went forth

• गर्दभयुक्तेन (gardabhayuktena) - by a donkey-yoked, drawn by a donkey

• रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• आशुगामिना (āśugāminā) - swift-moving

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यज्ञकारः (yajñakāraḥ) - performer of Vedic rituals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñakāra

yajñakāra - performer of a yajña, one who performs sacrifice

Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+kāra)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, worship
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• kāra – doer, maker, performing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (O son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti, Arjuna

पित्रा (pitrā) - by his father

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created, sent, appointed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sṛṣṭa

sṛṣṭa - created, sent, appointed, released

Past Passive Participle

from root sṛj

Root: sṛj (class 6)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - scorcher of enemies, tormentor of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – one who torments, heat, penance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tap (class 1)

प्रायात् (prāyāt) - departed, went forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prāyā

Imperfect

Aorist form from pra- + i- 'to go'

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

गर्दभयुक्तेन (gardabhayuktena) - by a donkey-yoked, drawn by a donkey

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gardabhayukta

gardabhayukta - yoked with a donkey

Compound type : tatpurusha (gardabha+yukta)

• gardabha – donkey, ass
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – yoked, joined, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root yuj
  Root: yuj (class 7)

रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

आशुगामिना (āśugāminā) - swift-moving

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āśugāmin

āśugāmin - swift-moving, fast-going

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (āśu+gāmin)

• āśu – swift, quick, fast
  adjective (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root gam
  Suffix -in
  Root: gam (class 1)

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