महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-28, verse-2

क्षत्रियो यदि वा वैश्यः शूद्रो वा राजसत्तम ।
ब्राह्मण्यं प्राप्नुयात्केन तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥२॥

2. kṣatriyo yadi vā vaiśyaḥ śūdro vā rājasattama ,
brāhmaṇyaṁ prāpnuyātkena tanme vyākhyātumarhasi.

2. kṣatriyaḥ yadi vā vaiśyaḥ śūdraḥ vā rājasattama
brāhmaṇyam prāpnuyāt kena tat me vyākhyātum arhasi

2. he rājasattama yadi kṣatriyaḥ vā vaiśyaḥ vā śūdraḥ
kena brāhmaṇyam prāpnuyāt tat me vyākhyātum arhasi

2. O best of kings, by what means could a kshatriya, or a vaishya, or a shudra attain brahminhood? You ought to explain that to me.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a member of the warrior/ruling class

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• वा (vā) - or

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the merchant/farmer class

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a member of the laborer/servant class

• वा (vā) - or

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings

• ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, state of being a brahmin

• प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - may attain, should attain

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain, for explaining

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a member of the warrior/ruling class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, protector

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the merchant/farmer class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the merchant, farmer, or producer class

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a member of the laborer/servant class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the laborer or servant class

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best among kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good, existing)

ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, state of being a brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhmaṇya

brāhmaṇya - brahminhood, the status or quality of a Brahmin

प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - may attain, should attain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prāp

Prefix: prā

Root: āp (class 5)

केन (kena) - by what, by whom, by what means

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my (first person pronoun)

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain, for explaining

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb 'vyākhyā'

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)