महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-28, verse-15

केन जातोऽस्मि चण्डालो ब्राह्मण्यं येन मेऽनशत् ।
तत्त्वेनैतन्महाप्राज्ञे ब्रूहि सर्वमशेषतः ॥१५॥

15. kena jāto'smi caṇḍālo brāhmaṇyaṁ yena me'naśat ,
tattvenaitanmahāprājñe brūhi sarvamaśeṣataḥ.

15. kena jātaḥ asmi caṇḍālaḥ brāhmaṇyam yena me anaśat
tattvena etat mahāprājñe brūhi sarvam aśeṣataḥ

15. O very wise one, tell me factually and completely by whom I was born an outcast (caṇḍāla) and by which my brahmin status was destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

• केन (kena) - by whom (was I born) (by whom, by what)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• चण्डालः (caṇḍālaḥ) - an outcast, a caṇḍāla

• ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, the status or quality of a Brahmin

• येन (yena) - by which (my brahmin status was destroyed) (by which, because of which)

• मे (me) - my (brahmin status) (my, to me, for me)

• अनशत् (anaśat) - was destroyed, perished

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, factually

• एतत् (etat) - all of this (this)

• महाप्राज्ञे (mahāprājñe) - O very wise one! O great sage!

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder

Words meanings and morphology

केन (kena) - by whom (was I born) (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

चण्डालः (caṇḍālaḥ) - an outcast, a caṇḍāla

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caṇḍāla

caṇḍāla - an outcast, a member of the lowest caste

ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - brahminhood, the status or quality of a Brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhmaṇya

brāhmaṇya - brahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin

Derived from brāhmaṇa with suffix -ya (abstract noun)

येन (yena) - by which (my brahmin status was destroyed) (by which, because of which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

मे (me) - my (brahmin status) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

अनशत् (anaśat) - was destroyed, perished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of naś

Root: naś (class 4)

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in reality, factually

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here

एतत् (etat) - all of this (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

महाप्राज्ञे (mahāprājñe) - O very wise one! O great sage!

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mahāprājñā

mahāprājñā - very wise, great sage (feminine)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder

(indeclinable)

Derived from aśeṣa (without remainder) with suffix -tas (indicating manner)