महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-118, verse-4

भीष्म उवाच ।
समृद्धे वासमृद्धे वा शुभे वा यदि वाशुभे ।
संसारेऽस्मिन्समाजाताः प्राणिनः पृथिवीपते ॥४॥

4. bhīṣma uvāca ,
samṛddhe vāsamṛddhe vā śubhe vā yadi vāśubhe ,
saṁsāre'sminsamājātāḥ prāṇinaḥ pṛthivīpate.

4. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca samṛddhe vā asamṛddhe vā śubhe vā yadi
vā aśubhe saṃsāre asmin samājātāḥ prāṇinaḥ pṛthivīpate

4. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
pṛthivīpate,
asmin saṃsāre samṛddhe vā asamṛddhe vā śubhe vā yadi vā aśubhe prāṇinaḥ samājātāḥ.

4. Bhishma said: 'O lord of the earth, living beings are born into this cycle of existence (saṃsāra), whether in prosperity or adversity, in an auspicious or an inauspicious state.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (speaker) (Bhishma (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - in prosperity (in prosperity, in an accomplished state, wealthy)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• असमृद्धे (asamṛddhe) - in adversity (in adversity, in an unprosperous state)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• शुभे (śubhe) - in an auspicious state (in an auspicious state, in good fortune)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• यदि (yadi) - whether (introduces an alternative) (if, in case that)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• अशुभे (aśubhe) - in an inauspicious state (in an inauspicious state, in misfortune)

• संसारे (saṁsāre) - in this cycle of existence (saṃsāra) (in the cycle of existence, in the world)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (cycle of existence) (in this (masculine/neuter))

• समाजाताः (samājātāḥ) - are born (born, arisen, produced)

• प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings (living beings, creatures, sentient beings)

• पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth (O lord of the earth, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (speaker) (Bhishma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in Mahabharata); terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active

From root `vac`, perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - in prosperity (in prosperity, in an accomplished state, wealthy)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, thriving, accomplished, rich

Past Passive Participle

From `sam` + root `ṛdh` (to grow, thrive).

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Refers to a state or condition.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Used to express alternatives.

असमृद्धे (asamṛddhe) - in adversity (in adversity, in an unprosperous state)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of asamṛddha

asamṛddha - unprosperous, poor, unsuccessful

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative compound of `a` + `samṛddha`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+samṛddha)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• samṛddha – prosperous, thriving, accomplished, rich
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `sam` + root `ṛdh` (to grow, thrive).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Refers to a state or condition.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Used to express alternatives.

शुभे (śubhe) - in an auspicious state (in an auspicious state, in good fortune)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, fortunate, beautiful, good

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Refers to a state or condition.

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Used to express alternatives.

यदि (yadi) - whether (introduces an alternative) (if, in case that)

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

Note: Functions with `vā` to create "whether...or".

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Used to express alternatives.

अशुभे (aśubhe) - in an inauspicious state (in an inauspicious state, in misfortune)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, unfortunate, bad

Negative compound of `a` + `śubha`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śubha)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• śubha – auspicious, fortunate, beautiful, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Refers to a state or condition.

संसारे (saṁsāre) - in this cycle of existence (saṃsāra) (in the cycle of existence, in the world)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - cycle of rebirth, mundane existence, the world (saṃsāra)

From `sam` + root `sṛ` (to flow, move) + `ghañ`.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Location where birth occurs.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (cycle of existence) (in this (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Locative singular masculine/neuter of `idam`.

Note: Agrees with `saṃsāre`.

समाजाताः (samājātāḥ) - are born (born, arisen, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samājāta

samājāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

From `sam` + `ā` + root `jan` (to be born).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as predicate with implied `santi`.

प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings (living beings, creatures, sentient beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇin

prāṇin - living being, animal, sentient creature

From `prāṇa` (life) + suffix `in`.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth (O lord of the earth, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king, monarch

Compound of `pṛthivī` (earth) + `pati` (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Yudhiṣṭhira.