महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-118, verse-22

गुप्तं शरणमाश्रित्य भयेषु शरणागताः ।
अकस्मान्नो भयात्त्यक्ता न च त्राताभयैषिणः ॥२२॥

22. guptaṁ śaraṇamāśritya bhayeṣu śaraṇāgatāḥ ,
akasmānno bhayāttyaktā na ca trātābhayaiṣiṇaḥ.

22. guptam śaraṇam āśritya bhayeṣu śaraṇāgatāḥ akasmāt
naḥ bhayāt tyaktāḥ na ca trātā abhayaiṣiṇaḥ

22. śaraṇāgatāḥ guptam śaraṇam āśritya bhayeṣu naḥ
akasmāt bhayāt tyaktāḥ ca abhayaiṣiṇaḥ trātā na

22. Having taken secret refuge, we who sought refuge in times of danger were unexpectedly abandoned out of fear, and those desiring safety found no protector.

Words meanings summery:

• गुप्तम् (guptam) - secret, hidden, protected

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection, home

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having taken refuge in, having resorted to, depending on

• भयेषु (bhayeṣu) - in fears, in dangers

• शरणागताः (śaraṇāgatāḥ) - refugees, those who have come for refuge, supplicants

• अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, unexpectedly, without cause

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us, by us, for us

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• त्यक्ताः (tyaktāḥ) - abandoned, forsaken, given up

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• त्राता (trātā) - protector, savior

• अभयैषिणः (abhayaiṣiṇaḥ) - those desiring fearlessness/safety

Words meanings and morphology

गुप्तम् (guptam) - secret, hidden, protected

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gupta

gupta - hidden, secret, protected, guarded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gup' (to protect, to hide) with suffix -ta.

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śaraṇam.

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection, home

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home

From root 'śṛ' (to injure) or 'śar' (to go, to flow) with suffix -ana. Implies a place where one is not harmed.

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of āśritya.

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having taken refuge in, having resorted to, depending on

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śrī' (to go, to resort to) with upasarga 'ā' and suffix -tya.

Prefix: ā

Root: śrī (class 4)

भयेषु (bhayeṣu) - in fears, in dangers

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhaya

bhaya - fear, danger, terror

From root 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

शरणागताः (śaraṇāgatāḥ) - refugees, those who have come for refuge, supplicants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaraṇāgata

śaraṇāgata - one who has come for refuge, refugee, supplicant

Tatpuruṣa compound: śaraṇa (refuge) + āgata (come, arrived).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaraṇa+āgata)

• śaraṇa – refuge, shelter, protection
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'śṛ' (to injure) or 'śar' (to go, to flow) with suffix -ana.
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• āgata – come, arrived, obtained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go) with upasarga 'ā' and suffix -ta.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of the sentence.

अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, unexpectedly, without cause

(indeclinable)

Adverbial ablative of 'akasma' (a sudden event).

नः (naḥ) - us, to us, by us, for us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Root form of the first person pronoun.

Note: Used here as object 'us'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, danger, terror

From root 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Denotes cause or source.

त्यक्ताः (tyaktāḥ) - abandoned, forsaken, given up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon, to give up) with suffix -ta.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (we, as in 'śaraṇāgatāḥ').

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

त्राता (trātā) - protector, savior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trātṛ

trātṛ - protector, savior, deliverer

Agent noun

From root 'trā' (to protect) with suffix -tṛ.

Root: trā (class 2)

अभयैषिणः (abhayaiṣiṇaḥ) - those desiring fearlessness/safety

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhayaiṣin

abhayaiṣin - desiring safety, seeking fearlessness

Agent noun

Tatpuruṣa compound: abhaya (fearlessness) + eṣin (desiring, seeking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhaya+eṣin)

• abhaya – fearlessness, safety, security
  noun (neuter)
  Negative prefix 'a' + 'bhaya' (fear).
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix -in
  From root 'iṣ' (to wish, to desire) with suffix -in.
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of the second clause.