महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-117, verse-27

जातिजन्मजरादुःखे नित्यं संसारसागरे ।
जन्तवः परिवर्तन्ते मरणादुद्विजन्ति च ॥२७॥

27. jātijanmajarāduḥkhe nityaṁ saṁsārasāgare ,
jantavaḥ parivartante maraṇādudvijanti ca.

27. jātijanmajarāduḥkhe nityam saṃsārasāgare
jantavaḥ parivartante maraṇāt udvijanti ca

27. jantavaḥ jātijanmajarāduḥkhe nityam
saṃsārasāgare parivartante ca maraṇāt udvijanti

27. Living beings constantly revolve in the ocean of transmigration (saṃsāra), marked by the suffering of birth and old age, and they also recoil from death.

Words meanings summery:

• जातिजन्मजरादुःखे (jātijanmajarāduḥkhe) - in the suffering of birth, repeated births, and old age

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually

• संसारसागरे (saṁsārasāgare) - in the ocean of transmigration

• जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - living beings, creatures

• परिवर्तन्ते (parivartante) - they revolve, they wander

• मरणात् (maraṇāt) - from death

• उद्विजन्ति (udvijanti) - they recoil, they shrink away

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

जातिजन्मजरादुःखे (jātijanmajarāduḥkhe) - in the suffering of birth, repeated births, and old age

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jātijanmajarāduḥkha

jātijanmajarāduḥkha - suffering caused by birth, repeated births, and old age

Compound noun

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jāti+janman+jarā+duḥkha)

• jāti – birth, origin, species
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• janman – birth, production, origin
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• jarā – old age, decrepitude
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jṝ (class 1)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow
  noun (neuter)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of nitya (constant, eternal).

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

संसारसागरे (saṁsārasāgare) - in the ocean of transmigration

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsārasāgara

saṁsārasāgara - ocean of transmigration, ocean of worldly existence

Compound noun

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+sāgara)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + sṛ (to flow, move).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the ocean of transmigration.

जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - living beings, creatures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man

From root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

परिवर्तन्ते (parivartante) - they revolve, they wander

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vart

From root vṛt with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The middle voice suggests 'they revolve for themselves' or 'they are found revolving'.

मरणात् (maraṇāt) - from death

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

From root mṛ (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

उद्विजन्ति (udvijanti) - they recoil, they shrink away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vij

From root vij with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.