महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-82, verse-30

उपासते हि त्वद्बुद्धिमृषयश्चापि माधव ।
त्वं गुरुः सर्वभूतानां जानीषे त्वं गतागतम् ।
त्वामासाद्य यदुश्रेष्ठमेधन्ते ज्ञातिनः सुखम् ॥३०॥

30. upāsate hi tvadbuddhimṛṣayaścāpi mādhava ,
tvaṁ guruḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ jānīṣe tvaṁ gatāgatam ,
tvāmāsādya yaduśreṣṭhamedhante jñātinaḥ sukham.

30. upāsate hi tvadbuddhim ṛṣayaḥ ca
api mādhava tvam guruḥ sarvabhūtānām
jānīṣe tvam gatāgatam tvām āsādya
yaduśreṣṭha edhante jñātinaḥ sukham

30. mādhava,
hi ṛṣayaḥ ca api tvadbuddhim upāsate.
tvam sarvabhūtānām guruḥ.
tvam gatāgatam jānīṣe.
yaduśreṣṭha,
tvām āsādya jñātinaḥ sukham edhante.

30. Indeed, O Madhava, even the sages (ṛṣi) attend to your intelligence. You are the teacher (guru) of all beings; you know the cycle of birth and death (gatāgatam). Having approached you, O best among the Yadus, your relatives (jñāti) prosper happily.

Words meanings summery:

• उपासते (upāsate) - they attend to, they resort to (they worship, they serve, they approach)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

• त्वद्बुद्धिम् (tvadbuddhim) - your intelligence (your intellect, your understanding)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (ṛṣi) (sages, seers)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (vocative for Kṛṣṇa) (O Madhava (Kṛṣṇa))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher (guru) (teacher, preceptor, heavy, important)

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings (of all beings, of all creatures)

• जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know (you know, you perceive)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• गतागतम् (gatāgatam) - the cycle of birth and death (gatāgatam) (coming and going, arrival and departure, rebirth)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Kṛṣṇa) (you (accusative))

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• यदुश्रेष्ठ (yaduśreṣṭha) - O best among the Yadus (vocative for Kṛṣṇa) (O best of Yadus, most excellent among Yadus)

• एधन्ते (edhante) - they prosper (they prosper, they grow, they flourish)

• ज्ञातिनः (jñātinaḥ) - relatives (jñāti) (relatives, kinsmen, family)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, with happiness (happiness, joy, comfortably, easily)

Words meanings and morphology

उपासते (upāsate) - they attend to, they resort to (they worship, they serve, they approach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upās

Present middle indicative

From `upa-ās`, 2nd class, Ātmanepada, present tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

त्वद्बुद्धिम् (tvadbuddhim) - your intelligence (your intellect, your understanding)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tvadbuddhi

tvadbuddhi - your intellect, your wisdom, the intellect belonging to you

Tatpuruṣa compound: `tvat` (your) + `buddhi` (intellect). The `t` of `tvat` changes to `d` before the voiced `b` of `buddhi`.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tvat+buddhi)

• tvat – you (as possessive/genitive/dative singular)
  pronoun
  Second person pronoun in its stem form for compounds.
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, wisdom, mind
  noun (feminine)
  From root `budh` (to awaken, know).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Krishna's intellect.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (ṛṣi) (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a seer, sage, inspired poet, Vedic hymn composer

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (vocative for Kṛṣṇa) (O Madhava (Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu; name of Kṛṣṇa; associated with spring

`Madhu` + `a` (patronymic suffix).

Note: Addressed to Kṛṣṇa.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tva

tva - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher (guru) (teacher, preceptor, heavy, important)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, elder, heavy, important

From root `gṛ` (to praise, invoke) or `gur` (to make efforts).

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings (of all beings, of all creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, every creature

Tatpuruṣa compound: `sarva` (all) + `bhūta` (being).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root `bhū` (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Compound of 'all' and 'beings'.

जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know (you know, you perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present middle indicative

Root `jñā`, 9th class, Ātmanepada, present tense, 2nd person singular.

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tva

tva - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

गतागतम् (gatāgatam) - the cycle of birth and death (gatāgatam) (coming and going, arrival and departure, rebirth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gatāgata

gatāgata - coming and going, arrival and departure, past and future, the cycle of mundane existence (saṃsāra)

Dvandva compound of `gata` (gone, PPP of `gam`) and `āgata` (come, PPP of `ā-gam`).

Compound type : Dvandva (gata+āgata)

• gata – gone, past, departed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• āgata – come, arrived, returned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root `gam` with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as the object of 'know'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Kṛṣṇa) (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tva

tva - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Object of `āsādya`.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of `ā-sad` (to approach, reach).

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Connects the action of approaching to the prosperity of kinsmen.

यदुश्रेष्ठ (yaduśreṣṭha) - O best among the Yadus (vocative for Kṛṣṇa) (O best of Yadus, most excellent among Yadus)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yaduśreṣṭha

yaduśreṣṭha - best of Yadus

Tatpuruṣa compound: `yadu` (Yadu) + `śreṣṭha` (best).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (yadu+śreṣṭha)

• yadu – name of an ancient king, founder of the Yadava dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of `praśasya` (praiseworthy).

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

एधन्ते (edhante) - they prosper (they prosper, they grow, they flourish)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of edh

Present middle indicative

Root `edh`, 1st class, Ātmanepada, present tense, 3rd person plural.

Root: edh (class 1)

Note: Subject is `jñātinaḥ`.

ज्ञातिनः (jñātinaḥ) - relatives (jñāti) (relatives, kinsmen, family)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relation, kinsman, caste, family, community

From root `jñā` (to know), signifying 'those whom one knows'.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of `edhante`.

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, with happiness (happiness, joy, comfortably, easily)

(indeclinable)

From `su` (good) + `kha` (wheel hole - implying good axle-hole, hence smooth movement, comfort).

Note: Functions adverbially.