महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-34, verse-21

तस्मात्संस्तम्भयात्मानं श्रुतवानसि पाण्डव ।
देवैः पूर्वगतं मार्गमनुयातोऽसि भारत ॥२१॥

21. tasmātsaṁstambhayātmānaṁ śrutavānasi pāṇḍava ,
devaiḥ pūrvagataṁ mārgamanuyāto'si bhārata.

21. tasmāt saṃstambhaya ātmānam śrutavān asi pāṇḍava
devaiḥ pūrvagatam mārgam anuyātaḥ asi bhārata

21. pāṇḍava bhārata tasmāt ātmānam saṃstambhaya
śrutavān asi devaiḥ pūrvagatam mārgam anuyātaḥ asi

21. Therefore, O Pāṇḍava, control your self (ātman), for you have heard about and followed the path previously trodden by the gods, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore, on that account)

• संस्तम्भय (saṁstambhaya) - control (restrain, control, hold back)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your self (ātman) (the self, soul, spirit, mind, body)

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - you have heard (having heard, one who has heard, learned)

• असि (asi) - you are

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O son of Pāṇḍu (descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods (by the gods, with the gods)

• पूर्वगतम् (pūrvagatam) - previously trodden (gone before, previously trodden, ancient)

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (path, road, way, method)

• अनुयातः (anuyātaḥ) - you have followed (followed, gone after, accompanied)

• असि (asi) - you are

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore, on that account)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of ablative case.

संस्तम्भय (saṁstambhaya) - control (restrain, control, hold back)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of saṃstambh

Causative present imperative

Root `stambh` with prefix `sam`, causative stem `stambhayā`, imperative active 2nd singular.

Prefix: sam

Root: stambh (class 1)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your self (ātman) (the self, soul, spirit, mind, body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, body

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - you have heard (having heard, one who has heard, learned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard, learned

Past Active Participle

From root `śru` (to hear) + suffix `vat` (kvatu).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: `kvatu` ending participle.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative

Root `as` (to be), present active 2nd singular.

Root: as (class 2)

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O son of Pāṇḍu (descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, relating to Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods (by the gods, with the gods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div

पूर्वगतम् (pūrvagatam) - previously trodden (gone before, previously trodden, ancient)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrvagata

pūrvagata - gone before, elapsed, passed away

Past Passive Participle compound

Formed from `pūrva` (before) and `gata` (gone, PPP of `gam`).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (pūrva+gata)

• pūrva – before, earlier, former
  adjective (masculine)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (path, road, way, method)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, street, course

Root: mṛj

अनुयातः (anuyātaḥ) - you have followed (followed, gone after, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuyāta

anuyāta - followed, gone after, accompanied, imitation

Past Passive Participle

From root `yā` (to go) with prefix `anu`.

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used idiomatically with `asi` to express 'have followed'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative

Root `as` (to be), present active 2nd singular.

Root: as (class 2)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from Bharata.