महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-34, verse-11

पुरुषस्य हि दृष्ट्वेमामुत्पत्तिमनिमित्ततः ।
यदृच्छया विनाशं च शोकहर्षावनर्थकौ ॥११॥

11. puruṣasya hi dṛṣṭvemāmutpattimanimittataḥ ,
yadṛcchayā vināśaṁ ca śokaharṣāvanarthakau.

11. puruṣasya hi dṛṣṭvā imām utpattim animittataḥ
yadṛcchayā vināśam ca śokaharṣau anarthakau

11. hi puruṣasya imām utpattim animittataḥ yadṛcchayā
vināśaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā śokaharṣau anarthakau

11. Indeed, having observed this causeless origin and spontaneous destruction of a person, both grief and joy are pointless.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a human being (of a person, of a man, of the cosmic person)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having observed

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• उत्पत्तिम् (utpattim) - origin, birth, coming into existence

• अनिमित्ततः (animittataḥ) - without cause, causelessly, from no apparent reason

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, spontaneously, at will

• विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction, ruin, death, passing away

• च (ca) - and

• शोकहर्षौ (śokaharṣau) - grief and joy, sorrow and excitement

• अनर्थकौ (anarthakau) - useless, pointless, meaningless, devoid of purpose

Words meanings and morphology

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a human being (of a person, of a man, of the cosmic person)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - a person, a man, a human being, the cosmic person

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root dṛś with suffix tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

उत्पत्तिम् (utpattim) - origin, birth, coming into existence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of utpatti

utpatti - origin, birth, production

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

अनिमित्ततः (animittataḥ) - without cause, causelessly, from no apparent reason

(indeclinable)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, spontaneously, at will

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - spontaneity, chance, own will

विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction, ruin, death, passing away

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, loss

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शोकहर्षौ (śokaharṣau) - grief and joy, sorrow and excitement

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śokaharṣa

śokaharṣa - grief and joy

Dvandva compound of śoka and harṣa

Compound type : dvandva (śoka+harṣa)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• harṣa – joy, delight, excitement
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

अनर्थकौ (anarthakau) - useless, pointless, meaningless, devoid of purpose

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anarthaka

anarthaka - useless, pointless, meaningless

Compound type : tatpurusha (an+arthaka)

• an – not, non, un
  indeclinable
• arthaka – meaningful, having purpose or wealth
  adjective (masculine)

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