महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-270, verse-5

न गच्छन्ति पुनर्भावं मुनयः संशितव्रताः ।
कदा वयं भविष्यामो राज्यं हित्वा परंतप ॥५॥

5. na gacchanti punarbhāvaṁ munayaḥ saṁśitavratāḥ ,
kadā vayaṁ bhaviṣyāmo rājyaṁ hitvā paraṁtapa.

5. na gacchanti punarbhāvam munayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ
kadā vayam bhaviṣyāmaḥ rājyam hitvā paraṃtapa

5. saṃśitavratāḥ munayaḥ punarbhāvam na gacchanti.
paraṃtapa,
vayam rājyam hitvā kadā bhaviṣyāmaḥ?

5. Sages whose vows are firm do not return to the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra). O tormentor of foes, when shall we attain such a state, having renounced the kingdom?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they return (they go, they move, they reach)

• पुनर्भावम् (punarbhāvam) - to the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra) (to rebirth, to a new existence, to repetition of being)

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages (sages, ascetics, silent ones)

• संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - whose vows are firm (whose vows are firm, having sharp vows, having strict observances)

• कदा (kadā) - when?

• वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pandavas or the speaker and his companions) (we)

• भविष्यामः (bhaviṣyāmaḥ) - we shall attain such a state (we shall be, we shall become)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom, power (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having renounced (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (an epithet, likely for Arjuna or Yudhishthira) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they return (they go, they move, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Active Indicative

From root `gam` (to go), 3rd person plural.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implies returning to existence.

पुनर्भावम् (punarbhāvam) - to the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra) (to rebirth, to a new existence, to repetition of being)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of punarbhāva

punarbhāva - rebirth, renewal of existence, repetition of being

`punar` (again) + `bhāva` (being, existence).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (punar+bhāva)

• punar – again, back, moreover
  indeclinable
• bhāva – being, existence, state, feeling, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'bhū' (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `gacchanti`.

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages (sages, ascetics, silent ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - whose vows are firm (whose vows are firm, having sharp vows, having strict observances)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - one whose vows are firmly kept/sharpened, firm in observances

Compound of `saṃśita` (sharpened, firm) and `vrata` (vow, observance).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, resolute, severe
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from `sam-śi` (to sharpen, to make firm)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śi (class 2)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

कदा (kadā) - when?

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pandavas or the speaker and his companions) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person personal pronoun.

Note: Subject of `bhaviṣyāmaḥ`.

भविष्यामः (bhaviṣyāmaḥ) - we shall attain such a state (we shall be, we shall become)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Active Indicative

From root `bhū` (to be), 1st person plural.

Root: bhū (class 1)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom, power (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign, government

Derived from `rājan` (king) + `ya` suffix.

Root: rāj (class 1)

हित्वा (hitvā) - having renounced (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `hā` (to abandon) + `tvā` suffix.

Root: hā (class 3)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (an epithet, likely for Arjuna or Yudhishthira) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormenting foes, subduing enemies (as an epithet: tormentor of foes)

Compound of `param` (enemy, foe) and `tapa` (tormentor, heating).

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, foe, other
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – tormentor, afflictor, heat, asceticism (tapas)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tap' (to heat, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)