महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-270, verse-3

कदा वयं करिष्यामः संन्यासं दुःखसंज्ञकम् ।
दुःखमेतच्छरीराणां धारणं कुरुसत्तम ॥३॥

3. kadā vayaṁ kariṣyāmaḥ saṁnyāsaṁ duḥkhasaṁjñakam ,
duḥkhametaccharīrāṇāṁ dhāraṇaṁ kurusattama.

3. kadā vayam kariṣyāmaḥ saṃnyāsam duḥkha-saṃjñakam
duḥkham etat śarīrāṇām dhāraṇam kuru-sattama

3. kadā vayam duḥkha-saṃjñakam saṃnyāsam kariṣyāmaḥ? Kuru-sattama,
etat śarīrāṇām dhāraṇam duḥkham (asti).

3. When shall we undertake renunciation (saṃnyāsa), which is essentially designated as suffering? O best of Kurus, the very maintenance of these bodies is suffering.

Words meanings summery:

• कदा (kadā) - when?

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• करिष्यामः (kariṣyāmaḥ) - we shall do, we shall undertake

• संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - renunciation, abandonment (saṃnyāsa)

• दुःख-संज्ञकम् (duḥkha-saṁjñakam) - designated as suffering, named suffering

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, misery

• एतत् (etat) - this

• शरीराणाम् (śarīrāṇām) - of the bodies

• धारणम् (dhāraṇam) - the bearing, the maintenance, the holding

• कुरु-सत्तम (kuru-sattama) - O best of Kurus, O noblest among Kurus

Words meanings and morphology

कदा (kadā) - when?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of time.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'kariṣyāmaḥ'.

करिष्यामः (kariṣyāmaḥ) - we shall do, we shall undertake

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb of the first sentence.

संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - renunciation, abandonment (saṃnyāsa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃnyāsa

saṁnyāsa - renunciation, abandonment (saṃnyāsa); the fourth stage of life (āśrama)

sam (together) + ni (down) + √as (to throw)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'kariṣyāmaḥ'.

दुःख-संज्ञकम् (duḥkha-saṁjñakam) - designated as suffering, named suffering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkha-saṃjñaka

duḥkha-saṁjñaka - named or designated as suffering

duḥkha (suffering) + saṃjñaka (named, designated)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+saṃjñaka)

• duḥkha – suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• saṃjñaka – named, designated, called
  adjective (neuter)
  from saṃjñā (name, designation)
  Prefix: sam

Note: Modifies 'saṃnyāsam'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, misery, sorrow, pain

Note: Predicate noun for 'dhāraṇam'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Modifies 'dhāraṇam'.

शरीराणाम् (śarīrāṇām) - of the bodies

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal form

Note: Possessive, modifies 'dhāraṇam'.

धारणम् (dhāraṇam) - the bearing, the maintenance, the holding

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhāraṇa

dhāraṇa - bearing, holding, maintaining, wearing

verbal noun

from root √dhṛ (to bear, hold)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second statement.

कुरु-सत्तम (kuru-sattama) - O best of Kurus, O noblest among Kurus

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuru-sattama

kuru-sattama - best of Kurus, noblest among Kurus

kuru (name of an ancient king/lineage) + sattama (superlative suffix, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, progenitor of a lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, noblest (superlative suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  from sat (good, excellent) + -tama suffix

Note: Addressed to Bhīṣma.