महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-270, verse-18

क्षपयित्वा तु तं कालं गणितं कालचोदिताः ।
सावशेषेण कालेन संभवन्ति पुनः पुनः ॥१८॥

18. kṣapayitvā tu taṁ kālaṁ gaṇitaṁ kālacoditāḥ ,
sāvaśeṣeṇa kālena saṁbhavanti punaḥ punaḥ.

18. kṣapayitvā tu tam kālam gaṇitam kālacoditāḥ
sāvaśeṣeṇa kālena saṃbhavanti punaḥ punaḥ

18. tu kālacoditāḥ tam gaṇitam kālam kṣapayitvā
sāvaśeṣeṇa kālena punaḥ punaḥ saṃbhavanti

18. But having exhausted that allotted period of time, those impelled by time are born again and again by a time that still carries a remainder (of karmic impressions), indicating their continued cycle of existence (saṃsāra).

Words meanings summery:

• क्षपयित्वा (kṣapayitvā) - having exhausted/passed (having exhausted, having passed, having destroyed)

• तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)

• तम् (tam) - that (allotted) (that, him)

• कालम् (kālam) - period of time (time, period, season)

• गणितम् (gaṇitam) - allotted (calculated, counted, allotted, measured)

• कालचोदिताः (kālacoditāḥ) - those impelled by time (impelled by time, urged by time)

• सावशेषेण (sāvaśeṣeṇa) - with a remainder (of karmic impressions) (with a remainder, with a remnant)

• कालेन (kālena) - by (a cycle of) time (by time, with time)

• संभवन्ति (saṁbhavanti) - they are born (they are born, they originate, they arise)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षपयित्वा (kṣapayitvā) - having exhausted/passed (having exhausted, having passed, having destroyed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

absolutive form from causative of root kṣap

Root: kṣap (class 10)

तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (allotted) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that; he, she, it

Note: Agrees with kālam

कालम् (kālam) - period of time (time, period, season)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time; black; death

गणितम् (gaṇitam) - allotted (calculated, counted, allotted, measured)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gaṇita

gaṇita - calculated; counted; measured; computed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root gaṇ

Root: gaṇ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with kālam.

कालचोदिताः (kālacoditāḥ) - those impelled by time (impelled by time, urged by time)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kālacodita

kālacodita - impelled by time; instigated by time

past passive participle (used as adj)

Compound of kāla and codita (PPP of √cud)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+codita)

• kāla – time; black; death
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled; urged; incited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root cud
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Often used substantively, referring to beings.

सावशेषेण (sāvaśeṣeṇa) - with a remainder (of karmic impressions) (with a remainder, with a remnant)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sāvaśeṣa

sāvaśeṣa - with a remainder; having a remnant

Compound of sa (with) and avaśeṣa (remainder)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+avaśeṣa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix 'sa' indicating 'with'
• avaśeṣa – remainder, remnant, residue
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with kālena.

कालेन (kālena) - by (a cycle of) time (by time, with time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time; black; death

संभवन्ति (saṁbhavanti) - they are born (they are born, they originate, they arise)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of saṃbhū

present active

3rd person plural present active of root bhū with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition emphasizes 'again and again'.