महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-270, verse-2

लोकसंभावितैर्दुःखं यत्प्राप्तं कुरुसत्तम ।
प्राप्य जातिं मनुष्येषु देवैरपि पितामह ॥२॥

2. lokasaṁbhāvitairduḥkhaṁ yatprāptaṁ kurusattama ,
prāpya jātiṁ manuṣyeṣu devairapi pitāmaha.

2. loka-saṃbhāvitaiḥ duḥkham yat prāptam kuru-sattama
prāpya jātim manuṣyeṣu devaiḥ api pitāmaha

2. kuru-sattama pitāmaha yat duḥkham loka-saṃbhāvitaiḥ prāptam,
(tat) jātim manuṣyeṣu prāpya devaiḥ api (prāptam bhavati).

2. O best of Kurus, O grandfather, the suffering that is received by those esteemed in the world (like us), is experienced even by the gods when they take birth among humans.

Words meanings summery:

• लोक-संभावितैः (loka-saṁbhāvitaiḥ) - by those esteemed by the world, by those respected by people

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, misery, sorrow

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, received, experienced

• कुरु-सत्तम (kuru-sattama) - O best of Kurus, O noblest among Kurus

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having attained

• जातिम् (jātim) - birth, existence, species

• मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among humans, in the human realm

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by gods

• अपि (api) - even, also

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandfather

Words meanings and morphology

लोक-संभावितैः (loka-saṁbhāvitaiḥ) - by those esteemed by the world, by those respected by people

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of loka-saṃbhāvita

loka-saṁbhāvita - esteemed by the world, respected by people

loka (world, people) + saṃbhāvita (honored, esteemed)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (implied by meaning) (loka+saṃbhāvita)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• saṃbhāvita – honored, esteemed, respected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √bhū (to be) with saṃ and pra, causative
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of receiving suffering.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, misery, sorrow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, misery, sorrow, pain

Note: Object of the implied verb 'to experience' or 'to receive'.

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'duḥkham'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, received, experienced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, received, arrived

Past Passive Participle

from √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'duḥkham', indicating it is received.

कुरु-सत्तम (kuru-sattama) - O best of Kurus, O noblest among Kurus

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuru-sattama

kuru-sattama - best of Kurus, noblest among Kurus

kuru (name of an ancient king/lineage) + sattama (superlative suffix, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, progenitor of a lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, noblest (superlative suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  from sat (good, excellent) + -tama suffix

Note: Addressed to Bhīṣma.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having attained

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra + -ya suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Describes the prior action of gods.

जातिम् (jātim) - birth, existence, species

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jāti

jāti - birth, origin, species, class

from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among humans, in the human realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, mankind

Note: Indicates the context of birth.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

from √div (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agent of experiencing suffering, alongside 'loka-saṃbhāvitaiḥ'.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that even gods would suffer.

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandfather

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father)

pitṛ (father) + māha (related to a measurement of time, or honorific)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+maha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• maha – great, strong (often an intensifier or honorific in compounds)
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Bhīṣma.