महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-175, verse-5

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
भृगुणाभिहितं श्रेष्ठं भरद्वाजाय पृच्छते ॥५॥

5. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
bhṛguṇābhihitaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ bharadvājāya pṛcchate.

5. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
bhṛguṇā abhihitam śreṣṭham bharadvājāya pṛcchate

5. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
atra api imam purātanam śreṣṭham itihāsam udāharanti,
bhṛguṇā abhihitam bharadvājāya pṛcchate

5. Bhishma said: "Regarding this, they also narrate this ancient and excellent historical account (itihāsa), which was recounted by Bhrigu to Bharadvaja as he was asking questions."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• अत्र (atra) - regarding this (here, in this regard)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate (they cite, they narrate, they relate)

• इमम् (imam) - this

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account (itihāsa) (history, legend, tradition)

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient (ancient, old)

• भृगुणा (bhṛguṇā) - by Bhrigu

• अभिहितम् (abhihitam) - recounted (told, spoken, recounted)

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - excellent (best, most excellent, supreme)

• भरद्वाजाय (bharadvājāya) - to Bharadvaja

• पृच्छते (pṛcchate) - to him who was asking questions (to one who asks, asking)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect (Liṭ) tense

3rd person singular active of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - regarding this (here, in this regard)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they narrate (they cite, they narrate, they relate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāharati

Present tense

3rd person plural active of root hṛ (to carry) with prefixes ud-ā

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this (near speaker)

Note: Declined form of 'idam'

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account (itihāsa) (history, legend, tradition)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, tradition, historical account

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient (ancient, old)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, former

Note: Agrees with 'itihāsam'

भृगुणा (bhṛguṇā) - by Bhrigu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhṛgu

bhṛgu - Bhrigu (name of a sage)

अभिहितम् (abhihitam) - recounted (told, spoken, recounted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhihita

abhihita - told, spoken, addressed, designated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - excellent (best, most excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative form of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)

Note: Agrees with 'itihāsam'

भरद्वाजाय (bharadvājāya) - to Bharadvaja

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bharadvaja (name of a sage)

पृच्छते (pṛcchate) - to him who was asking questions (to one who asks, asking)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of pṛcchat

pṛcchat - asking, inquiring

Present Participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root prach (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)