महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-175, verse-19

नभश्चोर्ध्वं शिरस्तस्य क्षितिः पादौ दिशो भुजौ ।
दुर्विज्ञेयो ह्यनन्तत्वात्सिद्धैरपि न संशयः ॥१९॥

19. nabhaścordhvaṁ śirastasya kṣitiḥ pādau diśo bhujau ,
durvijñeyo hyanantatvātsiddhairapi na saṁśayaḥ.

19. nabhaḥ ca ūrdhvam śiraḥ tasya kṣitiḥ pādau diśaḥ bhujau
durvijñeyaḥ hi anantatvāt siddhaiḥ api na saṃśayaḥ

19. ca ūrdhvam nabhaḥ tasya śiraḥ (asti)
kṣitiḥ pādau (astaḥ) diśaḥ bhujau (staḥ)
hi anantatvāt (saḥ) durvijñeyaḥ
(asti) api siddhaiḥ na saṃśayaḥ (asti)

19. And the upper sky is his head, the earth his feet, and the directions his arms. Indeed, he is difficult to know, even by perfected beings (siddhas), due to his infinitude; there is no doubt about this.

Words meanings summery:

• नभः (nabhaḥ) - sky, atmosphere, heaven

• च (ca) - and

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upper (qualifying sky) (upwards, above, high)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• तस्य (tasya) - his, its

• क्षितिः (kṣitiḥ) - earth, ground, dwelling

• पादौ (pādau) - two feet

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters of the sky

• भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

• दुर्विज्ञेयः (durvijñeyaḥ) - difficult to know, incomprehensible

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अनन्तत्वात् (anantatvāt) - because of infinitude, due to being endless

• सिद्धैः (siddhaiḥ) - by perfected beings, by Siddhas

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

नभः (nabhaḥ) - sky, atmosphere, heaven

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, heaven, cloud

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upper (qualifying sky) (upwards, above, high)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ūrdhva

ūrdhva - upwards, above, high, erect

Note: Functions adverbially or as an adjective qualifying nabhaḥ.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

तस्य (tasya) - his, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

क्षितिः (kṣitiḥ) - earth, ground, dwelling

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling, destruction

from root kṣi

Root: kṣi (class 5)

पादौ (pādau) - two feet

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters of the sky

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

भुजौ (bhujau) - two arms

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand, curve

दुर्विज्ञेयः (durvijñeyaḥ) - difficult to know, incomprehensible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durvijñeya

durvijñeya - difficult to know, incomprehensible

Gerundive

from root jñā with prefixes dur and vi

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (dur+vijñeya)

• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
• vijñeya – to be known, knowable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  from root jñā with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

अनन्तत्वात् (anantatvāt) - because of infinitude, due to being endless

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anantatva

anantatva - infinitude, endlessness

noun formation with -tva suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ananta+tva)

• ananta – endless, infinite
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: an
• tva – state of being, -ness
  suffix (neuter)

सिद्धैः (siddhaiḥ) - by perfected beings, by Siddhas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, adept, Siddha (a class of semi-divine beings)

Past Passive Participle

from root sidh

Root: sidh (class 4)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

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