महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-18, verse-4

गृध्रानुत्सारयन्त्यश्च गोमायून्वायसांस्तथा ।
शोकेनार्ता विघूर्णन्त्यो मत्ता इव चरन्त्युत ॥४॥

4. gṛdhrānutsārayantyaśca gomāyūnvāyasāṁstathā ,
śokenārtā vighūrṇantyo mattā iva carantyuta.

4. gṛdhrān utsārayantyaḥ ca gomāyūn vāyasān tathā
śokena ārtāḥ vighūrṇantyaḥ mattāḥ iva caranti uta

4. ca tathā gṛdhrān gomāyūn vāyasān utsārayantyaḥ
śokena ārtāḥ vighūrṇantyaḥ mattāḥ iva uta caranti

4. And driving away vultures, jackals, and crows, these women, afflicted by grief, stagger about as if maddened.

Words meanings summery:

• गृध्रान् (gṛdhrān) - vultures

• उत्सारयन्त्यः (utsārayantyaḥ) - driving away, frightening away

• च (ca) - and, also

• गोमायून् (gomāyūn) - jackals

• वायसान् (vāyasān) - crows

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, also

• शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, by grief

• आर्ताः (ārtāḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

• विघूर्णन्त्यः (vighūrṇantyaḥ) - reeling, staggering, swaying

• मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - intoxicated, maddened, bewildered

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• चरन्ति (caranti) - they move, they wander

• उत (uta) - indeed, moreover, and

Words meanings and morphology

गृध्रान् (gṛdhrān) - vultures

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture

उत्सारयन्त्यः (utsārayantyaḥ) - driving away, frightening away

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of utsārayantī

utsārayantī - one who drives away (present active participle, feminine)

Present Active Participle

Derived from causal of root sṛ 'to move' with upasarga ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied snuṣāḥ

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गोमायून् (gomāyūn) - jackals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gomāyu

gomāyu - jackal, wolf

वायसान् (vāyasān) - crows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāyasa

vāyasa - crow

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, also

(indeclinable)

शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, by grief

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

आर्ताः (ārtāḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ārtā

ārtā - distressed, afflicted (feminine form of ārta, past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛ 'to go' with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with implied snuṣāḥ

विघूर्णन्त्यः (vighūrṇantyaḥ) - reeling, staggering, swaying

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vighūrṇantī

vighūrṇantī - one who reels/staggers (present active participle, feminine)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root ghūrṇ 'to reel' with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: ghūrṇ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with implied snuṣāḥ

मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - intoxicated, maddened, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mattā

mattā - intoxicated, maddened (feminine form of matta)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mad 'to be intoxicated'

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implied snuṣāḥ

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

चरन्ति (caranti) - they move, they wander

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of car

Present Active

Present 3rd person plural active of root car

Root: car (class 1)

उत (uta) - indeed, moreover, and

(indeclinable)