महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-18, verse-27

एष दुःशासनः शेते विक्षिप्य विपुलौ भुजौ ।
निहतो भीमसेनेन सिंहेनेव महर्षभः ॥२७॥

27. eṣa duḥśāsanaḥ śete vikṣipya vipulau bhujau ,
nihato bhīmasenena siṁheneva maharṣabhaḥ.

27. eṣa duḥśāsanaḥ śete vikṣipya vipulau bhujau
nihataḥ bhīmasenena siṃhena iva mahāṛṣabhaḥ

27. eṣa duḥśāsanaḥ bhīmasenena nihataḥ,
siṃhena mahāṛṣabhaḥ iva,
vipulau bhujau vikṣipya śete

27. Here lies Duḥśāsana, his two mighty arms cast aside, slain by Bhīmasena, just as a great bull is killed by a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - Refers to Duḥśāsana. (this, he)

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - The second son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, whose disrobing of Draupadī sparked Bhīmasena's wrath. (Duḥśāsana)

• शेते (śete) - Referring to lying dead on the battlefield. (he lies, he reposes)

• विक्षिप्य (vikṣipya) - Describing the posture of Duḥśāsana's arms in death. (having thrown apart, having stretched out, having cast aside)

• विपुलौ (vipulau) - Describes Duḥśāsana's arms. (wide, broad, mighty, great)

• भुजौ (bhujau) - Duḥśāsana's two arms. (two arms)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - Refers to Duḥśāsana having been killed. (struck down, killed, destroyed)

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - The agent of killing. (by Bhīmasena)

• सिंहेन (siṁhena) - Agent in the simile. (by a lion)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महाऋषभः (mahāṛṣabhaḥ) - The object in the simile, likened to Duḥśāsana. (a great bull, a mighty bull)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - Refers to Duḥśāsana. (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - The second son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, whose disrobing of Draupadī sparked Bhīmasena's wrath. (Duḥśāsana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name), difficult to rule/control

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix
• śāsana – ruling, controlling, disciplining
  noun (neuter)
  from root śās
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Sandhi of dus + śāsana results in duḥśāsana.

शेते (śete) - Referring to lying dead on the battlefield. (he lies, he reposes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present, middle voice (ātmanepada), 3rd person singular

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: From root śī (to lie down).

विक्षिप्य (vikṣipya) - Describing the posture of Duḥśāsana's arms in death. (having thrown apart, having stretched out, having cast aside)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root kṣip (to throw) with prefix vi-, forms absolutive with -ya.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

विपुलौ (vipulau) - Describes Duḥśāsana's arms. (wide, broad, mighty, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vipula

vipula - broad, wide, extensive, mighty, large

Note: Agrees with bhujau.

भुजौ (bhujau) - Duḥśāsana's two arms. (two arms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand, shoulder

निहतः (nihataḥ) - Refers to Duḥśāsana having been killed. (struck down, killed, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-, forms past passive participle.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with duḥśāsanaḥ.

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - The agent of killing. (by Bhīmasena)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name), one whose army is terrible

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, fearful, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agent of the passive participle nihataḥ.

सिंहेन (siṁhena) - Agent in the simile. (by a lion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Used in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

महाऋषभः (mahāṛṣabhaḥ) - The object in the simile, likened to Duḥśāsana. (a great bull, a mighty bull)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāṛṣabha

mahāṛṣabha - great bull, lordly bull

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+ṛṣabha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Sandhi of mahā + ṛṣabha results in mahāṛṣabha.