महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-3, verse-2

दह्यमानस्तु शोकेन प्रदीप्तेनाग्निना यथा ।
क्रूरं मनस्ततः कृत्वा तावुभौ प्रत्यभाषत ॥२॥

2. dahyamānastu śokena pradīptenāgninā yathā ,
krūraṁ manastataḥ kṛtvā tāvubhau pratyabhāṣata.

2. dahyamānaḥ tu śokena pradīptena agninā yathā
krūram manaḥ tataḥ kṛtvā tau ubhau pratyabhāṣata

2. tu śokena pradīptena agninā yathā dahyamānaḥ
tataḥ krūram manaḥ kṛtvā ubhau tau pratyabhāṣata

2. Indeed, tormented by grief as if by a blazing fire, he then hardened his mind and spoke in reply to both of them.

Words meanings summery:

• दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - being burnt, being consumed, being tormented

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• शोकेन (śokena) - by grief, by sorrow

• प्रदीप्तेन (pradīptena) - by blazing, by inflamed, by radiant

• अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• क्रूरम् (krūram) - cruel, fierce, harsh

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• तौ (tau) - those two

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he addressed in return

Words meanings and morphology

दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - being burnt, being consumed, being tormented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - being burnt, being consumed, being tormented

Present Middle Participle

Present middle/passive participle of root dah ('to burn').

Root: dah (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

शोकेन (śokena) - by grief, by sorrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow, lamentation, anguish

Derived from root śuc ('to mourn, to grieve').

Root: śuc (class 1)

प्रदीप्तेन (pradīptena) - by blazing, by inflamed, by radiant

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pradīpta

pradīpta - blazing, shining, ignited, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root dīp ('to shine, blaze') with prefix pra ('forth, forward').

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'agninā'.

अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

क्रूरम् (krūram) - cruel, fierce, harsh

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, harsh, dreadful

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ'.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, disposition

Derived from root man ('to think').

Root: man (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem 'tad' (that) with suffix -tas.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (indeclinable past participle) of root kṛ ('to do, to make').

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Agrees with 'tau'.

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he addressed in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of pratibhāṣ

Root bhāṣ ('to speak') with prefix prati ('back, in return').

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)