महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-3, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
कृपस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा धर्मार्थसहितं शुभम् ।
अश्वत्थामा महाराज दुःखशोकसमन्वितः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
kṛpasya vacanaṁ śrutvā dharmārthasahitaṁ śubham ,
aśvatthāmā mahārāja duḥkhaśokasamanvitaḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca kṛpasya vacanam śrutvā dharmārthasahitam
śubham aśvatthāmā mahārāja duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca mahārāja kṛpasya dharmārthasahitam
śubham vacanam śrutvā aśvatthāmā duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ

1. Sañjaya said: O great king, having heard Kṛpa's auspicious and beneficial counsel, which was endowed with both natural law (dharma) and practical purpose (artha), Aśvatthāmā became overwhelmed with pain and sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कृपस्य (kṛpasya) - of Kṛpa (a warrior, guru, son of Śaradvān)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, counsel

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• धर्मार्थसहितम् (dharmārthasahitam) - endowed with both natural law (dharma) and practical purpose (artha) (combined with dharma and artha, beneficial, righteous and purposeful)

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, good, propitious

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• दुःखशोकसम्मन्वितः (duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ) - endowed with pain and grief, overwhelmed by sorrow and lamentation

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name, particularly the charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कृपस्य (kṛpasya) - of Kṛpa (a warrior, guru, son of Śaradvān)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (a proper name, one of the seven chiranjeevins and a warrior in the Mahabharata)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, counsel

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, counsel

Derived from root vac ('to speak') with suffix -ana.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (indeclinable past participle) of root śru ('to hear').

Root: śru (class 5)

धर्मार्थसहितम् (dharmārthasahitam) - endowed with both natural law (dharma) and practical purpose (artha) (combined with dharma and artha, beneficial, righteous and purposeful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmārthasahita

dharmārthasahita - accompanied by dharma and artha

Compound of 'dharma' (natural law), 'artha' (purpose), and 'sahita' (accompanied).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha+sahita)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ ('to hold, support').
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object (artha)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root arth ('to solicit, to ask').
  Root: arth (class 10)
• sahita – accompanied by, combined with, endowed with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root sah ('to bear, endure') with prefix sa ('with').
  Prefix: sa
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, good, propitious

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - bright, splendid, auspicious, propitious, good, beautiful

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (a proper name, son of Droṇa in the Mahabharata)

Derived from aśvattha (sacred fig tree) + dhāman (abode, power).

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Karmadhāraya compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem of 'mahat' (great).
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root rāj ('to shine, rule').
  Root: rāj (class 1)

दुःखशोकसम्मन्वितः (duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ) - endowed with pain and grief, overwhelmed by sorrow and lamentation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhaśokasammanvita

duḥkhaśokasammanvita - accompanied by pain and grief

Compound of 'duḥkha' (pain), 'śoka' (grief), and 'samanvita' (accompanied).

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+śoka+samanvita)

• duḥkha – pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root śuc ('to mourn, to grieve').
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• samanvita – accompanied by, endowed with, filled with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root i ('to go') with prefixes sam and anu.
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'aśvatthāmā'.