महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-2, verse-17

अकृत्वा कर्म यो लोके फलं विन्दति विष्टितः ।
स तु वक्तव्यतां याति द्वेष्यो भवति प्रायशः ॥१७॥

17. akṛtvā karma yo loke phalaṁ vindati viṣṭitaḥ ,
sa tu vaktavyatāṁ yāti dveṣyo bhavati prāyaśaḥ.

17. akṛtvā karma yaḥ loke phalam vindati viṣṭitaḥ
saḥ tu vaktavyatām yāti dveṣyaḥ bhavati prāyaśaḥ

17. yaḥ loke akṛtvā karma viṣṭitaḥ phalam vindati,
saḥ tu vaktavyatām yāti,
prāyaśaḥ dveṣyaḥ bhavati.

17. The person who, in this world, obtains results (phalam) without performing actions (karma) and merely being supported, he indeed becomes liable to criticism and is generally disliked.

Words meanings summery:

• अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing, having not done

• कर्म (karma) - actions (karma) (action, deed)

• यः (yaḥ) - the person who (who, which)

• लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, among people)

• फलम् (phalam) - the result of actions (phalam) (fruit, result, consequence)

• विन्दति (vindati) - obtains, finds, gets, gains

• विष्टितः (viṣṭitaḥ) - supported (without active effort) (supported, engaged, pervaded, entered)

• सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• वक्तव्यताम् (vaktavyatām) - liability to criticism (blameworthiness, the state of being spoken ill of, liability to criticism)

• याति (yāti) - becomes subject to, incurs (goes, attains, reaches, obtains)

• द्वेष्यः (dveṣyaḥ) - disliked (hateful, deserving of hatred, disliked, hostile)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

• प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly, generally, usually

Words meanings and morphology

अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing, having not done

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -tvā. Negated by 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṛtvā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• kṛtvā – having done, by doing
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (gerund)
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -tvā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - actions (karma) (action, deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, result of actions (karma)

From root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of the implied action of 'kṛtvā'.

यः (yaḥ) - the person who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'vindati'.

लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, among people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, common people

फलम् (phalam) - the result of actions (phalam) (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, effect, consequence, gain, reward, advantage

Note: Object of 'vindati'.

विन्दति (vindati) - obtains, finds, gets, gains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vind

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

From root √vid (to find, obtain, know), class 7.

Root: vid (class 7)

विष्टितः (viṣṭitaḥ) - supported (without active effort) (supported, engaged, pervaded, entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṭita

viṣṭita - entered, pervaded, engaged in, occupied by, supported

Past Passive Participle

From vi-√viś (to enter, pervade) + suffix -ta.

Prefix: vi

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective describing the subject 'yaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, used anaphorically for 'yaḥ'.

Note: Subject of 'yāti' and 'bhavati'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

वक्तव्यताम् (vaktavyatām) - liability to criticism (blameworthiness, the state of being spoken ill of, liability to criticism)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaktavyatā

vaktavyatā - blameworthiness, liability to censure, state of being spoken of

From vaktavya (gerundive of √vac, 'to be spoken') + -tā (abstract suffix).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'yāti'.

याति (yāti) - becomes subject to, incurs (goes, attains, reaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

From root √yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

द्वेष्यः (dveṣyaḥ) - disliked (hateful, deserving of hatred, disliked, hostile)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dveṣya

dveṣya - hateful, odious, hostile, disliked, an enemy

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root √dviṣ (to hate) + suffix -ya (kṛtya).

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense, Parasmaipada

From root √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly, generally, usually

(indeclinable)

From prāya (abundance, custom) + -śas (adverbial suffix).