महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-45, verse-21

स कदाचिद्वनचरो मृगं विव्याध पत्रिणा ।
विद्ध्वा चान्वसरत्तूर्णं तं मृगं गहने वने ॥२१॥

21. sa kadācidvanacaro mṛgaṁ vivyādha patriṇā ,
viddhvā cānvasarattūrṇaṁ taṁ mṛgaṁ gahane vane.

21. saḥ kadācit vanacaraḥ mṛgam vivyādha patriṇā |
viddhvā ca anvasarat tūrṇam tam mṛgam gahane vane

21. Once, that forest-dweller shot a deer with an arrow. Having wounded it, he quickly followed that deer into the dense forest.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the king) (he, that (masculine))

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once (once, at some time, sometimes)

• वनचरः (vanacaraḥ) - forest-dweller (referring to the king) (forest-dweller, roaming in the forest)

• मृगम् (mṛgam) - deer (deer, wild animal)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - shot (with an arrow) (pierced, struck, wounded)

• पत्रिणा (patriṇā) - with an arrow (with a winged thing, with an arrow)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having wounded it (having pierced/wounded)

• च (ca) - and

• अन्वसरत् (anvasarat) - followed (followed, pursued)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to the deer) (him, that (masculine))

• मृगम् (mṛgam) - deer (deer, wild animal)

• गहने (gahane) - dense (modifying forest) (in the dense, in the thicket, deep)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, wood)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the king) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once (once, at some time, sometimes)

(indeclinable)

वनचरः (vanacaraḥ) - forest-dweller (referring to the king) (forest-dweller, roaming in the forest)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vanacara

vanacara - a forest-dweller, roaming in the forest

agent noun

from vana + car (to move)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+cara)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• cara – moving, wandering, going
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root car
  Root: car (class 1)

मृगम् (mṛgam) - deer (deer, wild animal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal

विव्याध (vivyādha) - shot (with an arrow) (pierced, struck, wounded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

पत्रिणा (patriṇā) - with an arrow (with a winged thing, with an arrow)

(noun)

masculine, singular of patrin

patrin - winged, feathered, an arrow, a bird

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having wounded it (having pierced/wounded)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्वसरत् (anvasarat) - followed (followed, pursued)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anu-sṛ

Prefix: anu

Root: sṛ (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (referring to the deer) (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मृगम् (mṛgam) - deer (deer, wild animal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal

गहने (gahane) - dense (modifying forest) (in the dense, in the thicket, deep)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gahana

gahana - dense, deep, impervious, thicket, jungle

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'vane' (neuter locative singular).

वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, wood)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove