महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-45, verse-16

ततस्त्वं पुरुषश्रेष्ठ धर्मेण प्रतिपेदिवान् ।
इदं वर्षसहस्राय राज्यं कुरुकुलागतम् ।
बाल एवाभिजातोऽसि सर्वभूतानुपालकः ॥१६॥

16. tatastvaṁ puruṣaśreṣṭha dharmeṇa pratipedivān ,
idaṁ varṣasahasrāya rājyaṁ kurukulāgatam ,
bāla evābhijāto'si sarvabhūtānupālakaḥ.

16. tataḥ tvam puruṣaśreṣṭha dharmeṇa
pratipedivān idam varṣasahasrāya
rājyam kurukulāgatam bālaḥ eva
abhijātaḥ asi sarvabhūtānupālakaḥ

16. O best among men, you then obtained this kingdom, which had come down through the Kuru lineage, to rule for a thousand years, doing so righteously. Even as a child, you were born to be the protector of all beings.

16. ואז אתה, הו אדם דגול, קיבלת ביושר את הממלכה הזאת שעברה במשפחת קוּרוּ ושתמשיך אלף שנה. עוד כילד נולדת למלוכה, ואתה שומר על כל היצורים.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, therefore)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (addressing Janamejaya) (you)

• पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (puruṣaśreṣṭha) - O best among men (best among men)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - through righteousness, righteously (by dharma, by righteousness, by law)

• प्रतिपेदिवान् (pratipedivān) - you obtained (having obtained, having reached, you obtained)

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the kingdom) (this)

• वर्षसहस्राय (varṣasahasrāya) - to rule for a thousand years (for a thousand years)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty)

• कुरुकुलागतम् (kurukulāgatam) - inherited from the Kuru lineage (arrived from the Kuru family, inherited from the Kuru lineage)

• बालः (bālaḥ) - a child (a child, young boy)

• एव (eva) - even (indeed, only, certainly, even)

• अभिजातः (abhijātaḥ) - born (with the destiny/role of) (well-born, noble, destined, produced)

• असि (asi) - you are

• सर्वभूतानुपालकः (sarvabhūtānupālakaḥ) - the protector of all beings (protector of all beings)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefrom, therefore)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (addressing Janamejaya) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you (pronoun)

पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (puruṣaśreṣṭha) - O best among men (best among men)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣaśreṣṭha

puruṣaśreṣṭha - best among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+śreṣṭha)

• puruṣa – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective
  superlative of praśasya

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - through righteousness, righteously (by dharma, by righteousness, by law)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रतिपेदिवान् (pratipedivān) - you obtained (having obtained, having reached, you obtained)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratipad

pratipad - to obtain, to gain, to attain

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: The kvasu suffix (-vān/-vat) forms a perfect active participle which can function as a finite verb.

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the kingdom) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Agrees with rājyam.

वर्षसहस्राय (varṣasahasrāya) - to rule for a thousand years (for a thousand years)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Dative often used to express purpose or duration for which something is intended.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipedivān'.

कुरुकुलागतम् (kurukulāgatam) - inherited from the Kuru lineage (arrived from the Kuru family, inherited from the Kuru lineage)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kurukulāgata

kurukulāgata - come from the Kuru family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru-kula+āgata)

• kuru-kula – Kuru family, Kuru lineage
  noun (neuter)
• āgata – come, arrived, obtained
  adjective
  past passive participle
  Derived from root 'gam' with prefix 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.

बालः (bālaḥ) - a child (a child, young boy)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young, juvenile

Note: Predicate nominative for 'tvam' (understood 'asi').

एव (eva) - even (indeed, only, certainly, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अभिजातः (abhijātaḥ) - born (with the destiny/role of) (well-born, noble, destined, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhijāta

abhijāta - well-born, noble, produced, destined

past passive participle

Derived from root 'jan' with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam' (subject of 'asi').

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

सर्वभूतानुपालकः (sarvabhūtānupālakaḥ) - the protector of all beings (protector of all beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvabhūtānupālaka

sarvabhūtānupālaka - protector of all creatures

agent noun

Derived from 'anupāl' root with 'ṇvul' suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva-bhūta+anupālaka)

• sarva-bhūta – all beings, all creatures
  noun (neuter)
• anupālaka – protector, guardian
  agent_noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root 'pāl' with prefix 'anu'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'tvam'.

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