महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-6

के भवन्तोऽवलम्बन्ते वीरणस्तम्बमाश्रिताः ।
दुर्बलं खादितैर्मूलैराखुना बिलवासिना ॥६॥

6. ke bhavanto'valambante vīraṇastambamāśritāḥ ,
durbalaṁ khāditairmūlairākhunā bilavāsinā.

6. ke bhavantaḥ avalambante vīraṇastambam āśritāḥ
durbalam khāditaiḥ mūlaiḥ ākhunā bilavāsinā

6. Who are you, sirs, clinging to this weak clump of vīraṇa grass, whose roots have been gnawed by a rat dwelling in a hole?

Words meanings summery:

• के (ke) - who (who, what)

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you, sirs (you (honorific), sirs)

• अवलम्बन्ते (avalambante) - are clinging to (they cling to, depend on, hang down)

• वीरणस्तम्बम् (vīraṇastambam) - this vīraṇa grass clump (a clump of vīraṇa grass)

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - clinging to (resorting to, dependent on, clinging to)

• दुर्बलम् (durbalam) - weak (weak, feeble, infirm)

• खादितैः (khāditaiḥ) - by gnawed (by those eaten, by those gnawed)

• मूलैः (mūlaiḥ) - by its roots (by roots, by origins)

• आखुना (ākhunā) - by a rat (by a rat, by a mouse)

• बिलवासिना (bilavāsinā) - by one dwelling in a hole

Words meanings and morphology

के (ke) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: interrogative pronoun, subject of avalambante

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you, sirs (you (honorific), sirs)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you, sir

honorific stem from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: subject of avalambante, often takes 3rd person verb

अवलम्बन्ते (avalambante) - are clinging to (they cling to, depend on, hang down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of lamb

Prefix: ava

Root: lamb (class 1)

Note: ātmanepada form

वीरणस्तम्बम् (vīraṇastambam) - this vīraṇa grass clump (a clump of vīraṇa grass)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīraṇastamba

vīraṇastamba - clump/bush of vīraṇa grass

tatpurusha compound: vīraṇa (vīraṇa grass) + stamba (clump)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīraṇa+stamba)

• vīraṇa – a type of fragrant grass (Andropogon muricatus)
  noun (masculine)
• stamba – clump, tuft, bush
  noun (masculine)

Note: object of avalambante

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - clinging to (resorting to, dependent on, clinging to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, dependent on, sheltered by

past participle

from root śri with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: agrees with bhavantaḥ

दुर्बलम् (durbalam) - weak (weak, feeble, infirm)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, infirm, powerless

compound: dur (bad/difficult) + bala (strength)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: agrees with vīraṇastambam

खादितैः (khāditaiḥ) - by gnawed (by those eaten, by those gnawed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khādita

khādita - eaten, devoured, gnawed

past participle

from root khād (to eat)

Root: khād (class 1)

Note: agrees with mūlaiḥ

मूलैः (mūlaiḥ) - by its roots (by roots, by origins)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mūla

mūla - root, basis, origin, foundation

Note: modified by khāditaiḥ

आखुना (ākhunā) - by a rat (by a rat, by a mouse)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ākhu

ākhu - mouse, rat

Note: agent for the action of khādita

बिलवासिना (bilavāsinā) - by one dwelling in a hole

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bilavāsin

bilavāsin - dwelling in a hole/cave

agent noun

tatpurusha compound: bila (hole) + vāsin (dwelling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bila+vāsin)

• bila – hole, cavity, cave
  noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dwelling, inhabiting, resident
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root vas (to dwell) with suffix -in
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: agrees with ākhunā