महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु जरत्कारुर्महातपाः ।
चचार पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां यत्रसायंगृहो मुनिः ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
etasminneva kāle tu jaratkārurmahātapāḥ ,
cacāra pṛthivīṁ kṛtsnāṁ yatrasāyaṁgṛho muniḥ.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca etasmin eva kāle tu jaratkāruḥ mahātapāḥ
cacāra pṛthivīm kṛtsnām yatrasāyaṃgṛhaḥ muniḥ

1. Suta said: 'At that very time, the greatly ascetic (tapasvin) Jaratkaru, a sage who made his home wherever evening found him, wandered over the entire earth.'

1. סוּטַה אמר, באותו זמן ממש נדד בכל רחבי הארץ הפרוש ג׳ַרַטְקָארוּ, בעל עוצמה רוחנית גדולה, שהיה שוהה בכל מקום שבו הגיע הערב.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - The narrator, Suta, who is relating the story. (Suta (the narrator), charioteer, bard)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - At this particular time. (in this, at this)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - The sage Jaratkaru, known for his asceticism and specific lineage. (Jaratkaru (name of a sage))

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - Emphasizes Jaratkaru's intense practice of (tapas). (of great asceticism, greatly ascetic, possessing great (tapas))

• चचार (cacāra) - roamed, wandered, moved about

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

• कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire, whole, complete

• यत्रसायंगृहः (yatrasāyaṁgṛhaḥ) - Describes the sage's ascetic practice of not having a permanent dwelling. (whose home is wherever evening (falls))

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Jaratkaru as a sage. (sage, ascetic, recluse)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - The narrator, Suta, who is relating the story. (Suta (the narrator), charioteer, bard)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, herald, narrator (especially of Puranas)

From √sū (to impel, to give birth, to produce).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From √vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - At this particular time. (in this, at this)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'kāle'.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'kāle'.

काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, proper time

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - The sage Jaratkaru, known for his asceticism and specific lineage. (Jaratkaru (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jaratkaru (name of a sage, husband of the Nāga princess Manasā)

'Jarat' (old, aged) + 'kāru' (making, doer).

Note: Subject of 'cacāra'.

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - Emphasizes Jaratkaru's intense practice of (tapas). (of great asceticism, greatly ascetic, possessing great (tapas))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - greatly ascetic, possessing great austerities/penance (tapas)

Bahuvrihi compound 'mahā' (great) + 'tapas' (austerity, penance).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  From √tap (to heat, to perform austerity).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jaratkāruḥ' and 'muniḥ'.

चचार (cacāra) - roamed, wandered, moved about

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of car

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From √car (to move, wander). Reduplicated perfect.

Root: car (class 1)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

From 'pṛthu' (broad, wide) + feminine suffix.

Root: pṛth (class 6)

कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

यत्रसायंगृहः (yatrasāyaṁgṛhaḥ) - Describes the sage's ascetic practice of not having a permanent dwelling. (whose home is wherever evening (falls))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatrasāyaṃgṛha

yatrasāyaṁgṛha - one whose home is wherever evening finds him, one who rests where the evening overtakes him

Bahuvrihi compound 'yatra' (where) + 'sāyam' (evening) + 'gṛha' (home).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (yatra+sāyam+gṛha)

• yatra – where, in which place
  indeclinable
• sāyam – evening, at evening
  indeclinable
• gṛha – house, home, dwelling
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛh (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'muniḥ'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Jaratkaru as a sage. (sage, ascetic, recluse)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, saint, inspired one, silent one

From √man (to think) with 'uṇ' suffix.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Appositional to 'jaratkāruḥ'.

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