महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-10

तपसोऽस्य चतुर्थेन तृतीयेनापि वा पुनः ।
अर्धेन वापि निस्तर्तुमापदं ब्रूत माचिरम् ॥१०॥

10. tapaso'sya caturthena tṛtīyenāpi vā punaḥ ,
ardhena vāpi nistartumāpadaṁ brūta māciram.

10. tapasaḥ asya caturthena tṛtīyena api vā punaḥ
ardhena vā api nistartum āpadam brūta mā ciram

10. To overcome this calamity, tell me without delay: shall I use a fourth of this penance, or a third, or even half?

Words meanings summery:

• तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of this penance (of penance, of austerity)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (penance) (of this (neuter/masculine))

• चतुर्थेन (caturthena) - with a fourth (part) (with the fourth (part))

• तृतीयेन (tṛtīyena) - with a third (part) (with the third (part))

• अपि (api) - or (even, also)

• वा (vā) - or

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• अर्धेन (ardhena) - with half (the penance) (with half)

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even (even, also)

• निस्तर्तुम् (nistartum) - to overcome (to cross over, to overcome)

• आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity (calamity, distress, misfortune)

• ब्रूत (brūta) - tell (me, you all) (tell (you plural))

• मा (mā) - do not (do not, not)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, delay

Words meanings and morphology

तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of this penance (of penance, of austerity)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, spiritual devotion, heat, suffering

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: tap (class 1)

अस्य (asya) - of this (penance) (of this (neuter/masculine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with tapasaḥ.

चतुर्थेन (caturthena) - with a fourth (part) (with the fourth (part))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth

From catur (four).

Note: Implied 'bhāgena' (part).

तृतीयेन (tṛtīyena) - with a third (part) (with the third (part))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tṛtīya

tṛtīya - third

From tri (three).

Note: Implied 'bhāgena' (part).

अपि (api) - or (even, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with vā for alternatives.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अर्धेन (ardhena) - with half (the penance) (with half)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part, side

Note: Implied 'bhāgena' (part).

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (even, also)

(indeclinable)

निस्तर्तुम् (nistartum) - to overcome (to cross over, to overcome)

(verb)

active

infinitive

from nis-√tṛ 'to cross over' + -tum suffix

Prefix: nis

Root: tṛ (class 1)

आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity (calamity, distress, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, adversity, danger

from ā-√pad 'to come to, befall'

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of nistartum.

ब्रूत (brūta) - tell (me, you all) (tell (you plural))

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of √brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The implied direct object is 'me'.

मा (mā) - do not (do not, not)

(indeclinable)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, delay

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of 'cira' used adverbially.

Note: Used with mā to mean 'do not delay'.