महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-25

यमाखुं पश्यसि ब्रह्मन्काल एष महाबलः ।
स तं तपोरतं मन्दं शनैः क्षपयते तुदन् ।
जरत्कारुं तपोलुब्धं मन्दात्मानमचेतसम् ॥२५॥

25. yamākhuṁ paśyasi brahmankāla eṣa mahābalaḥ ,
sa taṁ taporataṁ mandaṁ śanaiḥ kṣapayate tudan ,
jaratkāruṁ tapolubdhaṁ mandātmānamacetasam.

25. yam ākhum paśyasi brahman kālaḥ eṣaḥ
mahābalaḥ saḥ tam taporatam mandam
śanaiḥ kṣapayate tudan jaratkārum
tapolubdham mandātmānam acetasam

25. O Brahmin, the mouse that you see—this is mighty Time. He gradually weakens that dull-witted one, devoted to penance, harassing him: Jaratkāru, who is greedy for penance, dull-minded, and heedless.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - the mouse whom (whom, which)

• आखुम् (ākhum) - mouse (mouse, rat)

• पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (personified) (Time)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (mouse) is (this, this one, he)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty (Time) (mighty, powerful)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Time) (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - him (Jaratkāru) (him, that one)

• तपोरतम् (taporatam) - devoted to penance (absorbed in penance, devoted to asceticism)

• मन्दम् (mandam) - dull-witted (dull, slow, foolish)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - gradually (slowly, gradually)

• क्षपयते (kṣapayate) - he weakens (he causes to waste away, he destroys, he diminishes)

• तुदन् (tudan) - harassing (him) (harassing, poking, tormenting)

• जरत्कारुम् (jaratkārum) - Jaratkāru (Jaratkāru (proper name))

• तपोलुब्धम् (tapolubdham) - greedy for penance (greedy for penance, covetous of asceticism)

• मन्दात्मानम् (mandātmānam) - dull-minded (dull-minded, sluggish in spirit)

• अचेतसम् (acetasam) - heedless (unconscious, senseless, heedless)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - the mouse whom (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

आखुम् (ākhum) - mouse (mouse, rat)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākhu

ākhu - mouse, rat

पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (personified) (Time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (mouse) is (this, this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty (Time) (mighty, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

सः (saḥ) - he (Time) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - him (Jaratkāru) (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तपोरतम् (taporatam) - devoted to penance (absorbed in penance, devoted to asceticism)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of taporata

taporata - absorbed in penance, devoted to asceticism

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+rata)

• tapas – penance, austerity
  noun (neuter)
• rata – fond of, devoted to, engaged in
  participle/adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  root ram + ktā
  Root: ram (class 1)

मन्दम् (mandam) - dull-witted (dull, slow, foolish)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manda

manda - slow, dull, lazy, foolish, weak

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - gradually (slowly, gradually)

(indeclinable)

क्षपयते (kṣapayate) - he weakens (he causes to waste away, he destroys, he diminishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of kṣi

causative

root kṣi + ṇic

Root: kṣi (class 1)

तुदन् (tudan) - harassing (him) (harassing, poking, tormenting)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tudat

tudat - harassing, tormenting, poking, striking

present active participle

root tud + śatṛ

Root: tud (class 6)

जरत्कारुम् (jaratkārum) - Jaratkāru (Jaratkāru (proper name))

(proper_noun)

तपोलुब्धम् (tapolubdham) - greedy for penance (greedy for penance, covetous of asceticism)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapolubdha

tapolubdha - greedy for penance, covetous of asceticism

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+lubdha)

• tapas – penance, austerity
  noun (neuter)
• lubdha – greedy, covetous, eager, perplexed
  participle/adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  root lubh + ktā
  Root: lubh (class 4)

मन्दात्मानम् (mandātmānam) - dull-minded (dull-minded, sluggish in spirit)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mandātman

mandātman - dull-minded, sluggish in spirit, slow-witted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+ātman)

• manda – slow, dull, lazy, foolish
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, spirit
  noun (masculine)

अचेतसम् (acetasam) - heedless (unconscious, senseless, heedless)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acetas

acetas - unconscious, senseless, thoughtless, heedless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cetas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• cetas – mind, intelligence, consciousness
  noun (neuter)