महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-27

अस्मासु पतितेष्वत्र सह पूर्वैः पितामहैः ।
छिन्नः कालेन सोऽप्यत्र गन्ता वै नरकं ततः ॥२७॥

27. asmāsu patiteṣvatra saha pūrvaiḥ pitāmahaiḥ ,
chinnaḥ kālena so'pyatra gantā vai narakaṁ tataḥ.

27. asmāsu patiteṣu atra saha pūrvaiḥ pitāmahaiḥ
chinnaḥ kālena saḥ api atra gantā vai narakam tataḥ

27. If we, along with our ancestors, fall into this degraded state, then he too, whose lineage has been cut off by time, will certainly go to hell because of this.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मासु (asmāsu) - upon us (the ancestors) (among us, upon us)

• पतितेषु (patiteṣu) - (if) we have fallen (into degradation/hell) (among those who have fallen)

• अत्र (atra) - in this (degraded) state or situation (here, in this place, now)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

• पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - with our forefathers (ancestors) (by the former ones, with the former ones)

• पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - with our grandfathers/ancestors (by grandfathers, with grandfathers)

• छिन्नः (chinnaḥ) - whose lineage is cut off/severed (cut, severed, broken)

• कालेन (kālena) - by time (implying natural course of events without descendants) (by time, in time)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Jarātkāru) (he, that)

• अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

• अत्र (atra) - in this situation, here (in this world) (here, in this place, now)

• गन्ता (gantā) - he will go (he who will go, will go)

• वै (vai) - surely, certainly (surely, indeed, certainly)

• नरकम् (narakam) - to hell (to hell, hell)

• ततः (tataḥ) - because of that (cause), thereafter (thence, therefore, from that, after that)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मासु (asmāsu) - upon us (the ancestors) (among us, upon us)

(pronoun)

Locative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used here to refer to the group of ancestors speaking.

पतितेषु (patiteṣu) - (if) we have fallen (into degradation/hell) (among those who have fallen)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, degraded, dropped, occurred

past passive participle

from root pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with asmāsu, implying 'when we have fallen'.

अत्र (atra) - in this (degraded) state or situation (here, in this place, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current dire circumstances.

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - with our forefathers (ancestors) (by the former ones, with the former ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, prior, earlier, eastern, ancient

Note: Agrees with pitāmahaiḥ.

पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - with our grandfathers/ancestors (by grandfathers, with grandfathers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, ancestor

Note: Refers to the ancestors of Jarātkāru who are speaking.

छिन्नः (chinnaḥ) - whose lineage is cut off/severed (cut, severed, broken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, severed, broken, pierced

past passive participle

from root chid

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Refers to saḥ (Jarātkāru).

कालेन (kālena) - by time (implying natural course of events without descendants) (by time, in time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, death, fate

Note: Agent of cutting.

सः (saḥ) - he (Jarātkāru) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Jarātkāru.

अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Jarātkāru's fate is similar to his ancestors'.

अत्र (atra) - in this situation, here (in this world) (here, in this place, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition of atra from the first half, reinforces the current predicament.

गन्ता (gantā) - he will go (he who will go, will go)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gantṛ

gantṛ - one who goes, a goer, agent of going

agent noun (future sense)

from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a future verb for 'he will go'.

वै (vai) - surely, certainly (surely, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

नरकम् (narakam) - to hell (to hell, hell)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, underworld, abode of punishment

Note: Object of gantā.

ततः (tataḥ) - because of that (cause), thereafter (thence, therefore, from that, after that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the cause: the severed lineage and the ancestors' fall.