महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-4

एकतन्त्ववशिष्टं वै वीरणस्तम्बमाश्रितान् ।
तं च तन्तुं शनैराखुमाददानं बिलाश्रयम् ॥४॥

4. ekatantvavaśiṣṭaṁ vai vīraṇastambamāśritān ,
taṁ ca tantuṁ śanairākhumādadānaṁ bilāśrayam.

4. ekatantvavaśiṣṭam vai vīraṇastambam āśritān
tam ca tantum śanaiḥ ākhum ādadānam bilāśrayam

4. They were clinging to a clump of vīraṇa grass, which indeed had only a single fiber remaining. And that very fiber, a rat living in a hole was slowly gnawing.

Words meanings summery:

• एकतन्त्ववशिष्टम् (ekatantvavaśiṣṭam) - having only a single fiber remaining (remaining with a single thread/fiber)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, a particle of emphasis)

• वीरणस्तम्बम् (vīraṇastambam) - a clump of vīraṇa grass

• आश्रितान् (āśritān) - clinging to (resorting to, dependent on, clinging to)

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तन्तुम् (tantum) - fiber (thread, fiber)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gradually)

• आखुम् (ākhum) - a rat (rat, mouse)

• आददानम् (ādadānam) - gnawing (taking, seizing, gnawing)

• बिलाश्रयम् (bilāśrayam) - living in a hole (dwelling in a hole/cave)

Words meanings and morphology

एकतन्त्ववशिष्टम् (ekatantvavaśiṣṭam) - having only a single fiber remaining (remaining with a single thread/fiber)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekatantvavaśiṣṭa

ekatantvavaśiṣṭa - having only one thread remaining

bahuvrihi compound: eka (one) + tantu (thread/fiber) + avaśiṣṭa (remaining)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+tantu+avaśiṣṭa)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral
• tantu – thread, fiber, string, filament
  noun (masculine)
• avaśiṣṭa – remaining, left over
  past participle
  past participle
  from root śiṣ with prefix ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: agrees with implied "thing" or grammatically with vīraṇastambam (though gender mismatch)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, a particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)

वीरणस्तम्बम् (vīraṇastambam) - a clump of vīraṇa grass

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīraṇastamba

vīraṇastamba - clump/bush of vīraṇa grass

tatpurusha compound: vīraṇa (vīraṇa grass) + stamba (clump)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīraṇa+stamba)

• vīraṇa – a type of fragrant grass (Andropogon muricatus)
  noun (masculine)
• stamba – clump, tuft, bush
  noun (masculine)

Note: object of āśritān

आश्रितान् (āśritān) - clinging to (resorting to, dependent on, clinging to)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, dependent on, sheltered by

past participle

from root śri with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: agrees with pitṝn (implied from previous verse)

तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: agrees with tantum

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तन्तुम् (tantum) - fiber (thread, fiber)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tantu

tantu - thread, fiber, string, filament

Note: object of ādadānam

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gradually)

(indeclinable)

Note: adverbial modifier of ādadānam

आखुम् (ākhum) - a rat (rat, mouse)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākhu

ākhu - mouse, rat

Note: subject of ādadānam in participle use

आददानम् (ādadānam) - gnawing (taking, seizing, gnawing)

(nominal form)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dā

dā - to give, take, cut, bind

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: agrees with ākhum

बिलाश्रयम् (bilāśrayam) - living in a hole (dwelling in a hole/cave)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bilāśraya

bilāśraya - dwelling in a hole/cave

tatpurusha compound: bila (hole) + āśraya (dwelling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bila+āśraya)

• bila – hole, cavity, cave
  noun (neuter)
• āśraya – dwelling, refuge, resort
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root śri with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: agrees with ākhum