महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-18

मन्दभाग्योऽल्पभाग्यानां बन्धुः स किल नः कुले ।
जरत्कारुरिति ख्यातो वेदवेदाङ्गपारगः ।
नियतात्मा महात्मा च सुव्रतः सुमहातपाः ॥१८॥

18. mandabhāgyo'lpabhāgyānāṁ bandhuḥ sa kila naḥ kule ,
jaratkāruriti khyāto vedavedāṅgapāragaḥ ,
niyatātmā mahātmā ca suvrataḥ sumahātapāḥ.

18. mandabhāgyaḥ alpabhāgyānām bandhuḥ
saḥ kila naḥ kule jaratkāruḥ iti
khyātaḥ vedavedāṅgapāragaḥ niyatātmā
mahātmā ca suvratas sumahātapāḥ

18. He, Jaratkāru by name, is indeed in our family, an unfortunate relative of those who have little fortune. He is renowned as one who has mastered the Vedas and Vedāṅgas, a self-controlled, great-souled individual, of excellent vows, and dedicated to great austerities.

Words meanings summery:

• मन्दभाग्यः (mandabhāgyaḥ) - unfortunate, ill-fated

• अल्पभाग्यानाम् (alpabhāgyānām) - of those with little fortune, of the ill-fated

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman, relative (kinsman, relative, friend)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• किल (kila) - indeed (indeed, surely, they say)

• नः (naḥ) - our (our, to us, us)

• कुले (kule) - in our family (in the family, in the lineage)

• जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (a proper name)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing a name) (thus, so)

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, famous, renowned

• वेदवेदाङ्गपारगः (vedavedāṅgapāragaḥ) - one who has mastered the Vedas and Vedāṅgas

• नियतात्मा (niyatātmā) - self-controlled, restrained in spirit

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुव्रतः (suvrataḥ) - of good vows, virtuous

• सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - performing great austerities, of great penance

Words meanings and morphology

मन्दभाग्यः (mandabhāgyaḥ) - unfortunate, ill-fated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandabhāgya

mandabhāgya - unfortunate, ill-fated, having little luck

Compound type : bahuvrihi (manda+bhāgya)

• manda – slow, dull, weak, little
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāgya – fortune, luck, destiny
  noun (neuter)

अल्पभाग्यानाम् (alpabhāgyānām) - of those with little fortune, of the ill-fated

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of alpabhāgya

alpabhāgya - having little fortune, ill-fated

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+bhāgya)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (neuter)
• bhāgya – fortune, luck, destiny
  noun (neuter)

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman, relative (kinsman, relative, friend)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - kinsman, relative, friend, relation

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

किल (kila) - indeed (indeed, surely, they say)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - our (our, to us, us)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

कुले (kule) - in our family (in the family, in the lineage)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, house, noble family

जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (a proper name)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jaratkāru (name of a legendary sage)

इति (iti) - thus (introducing a name) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, famous, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, celebrated, distinguished

past participle

Derived from root khyā (to be known)

Root: khyā (class 2)

वेदवेदाङ्गपारगः (vedavedāṅgapāragaḥ) - one who has mastered the Vedas and Vedāṅgas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vedavedāṅgapāraga

vedavedāṅgapāraga - one who has gone beyond/mastered the Vedas and Vedāṅgas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vedavedāṅga+pāraga)

• vedavedāṅga – Vedas and Vedāṅgas (auxiliary disciplines of the Vedas)
  noun (neuter)
• pāraga – one who has reached the other side, mastered, thoroughly conversant with
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From pāra (shore) and root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

नियतात्मा (niyatātmā) - self-controlled, restrained in spirit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatātman

niyatātman - self-controlled, having a restrained self, disciplined

Compound type : bahuvrihi (niyata+ātman)

• niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, fixed
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  From root yam (to control) with prefix ni-
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सुव्रतः (suvrataḥ) - of good vows, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - of excellent vows, virtuous, pious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+vrata)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - performing great austerities, of great penance

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātapas

sumahātapas - performing great austerities, of great penance, highly ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahat+tapas)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'
• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• tapas – penance, austerity, heat
  noun (neuter)