महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-29

स तात दृष्ट्वा ब्रूयास्त्वं जरत्कारुं तपस्विनम् ।
यथादृष्टमिदं चास्मै त्वयाख्येयमशेषतः ॥२९॥

29. sa tāta dṛṣṭvā brūyāstvaṁ jaratkāruṁ tapasvinam ,
yathādṛṣṭamidaṁ cāsmai tvayākhyeyamaśeṣataḥ.

29. saḥ tāta dṛṣṭvā brūyāḥ tvam jaratkārum tapasvinam
yathādṛṣṭam idam ca asmai tvayā ākhyeyam aśeṣataḥ

29. O dear son (messenger), having seen (our plight), you should speak to Jarātkāru, the ascetic. And this (entire situation), just as it was seen by you, should be narrated by you to him completely.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - (emphatic or demonstrative, refers to the subject tvam) O that (you), dear son... (he, that)

• तात (tāta) - O dear son (addressing the messenger) (dear son, father, dear one)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (our plight/situation) (having seen, having perceived)

• ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should tell/convey (you should speak, you should tell)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the messenger) (you)

• जरत्कारुम् (jaratkārum) - (to) Jarātkāru (Jarātkāru)

• तपस्विनम् (tapasvinam) - the ascetic (ascetic, devotee, one performing austerities)

• यथादृष्टम् (yathādṛṣṭam) - just as it was seen (by you) (as seen, according to what was seen)

• इदम् (idam) - this (entire situation or message) (this, this (here))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अस्मै (asmai) - to him (Jarātkāru) (to him, for him)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the messenger) (by you)

• आख्येयम् (ākhyeyam) - should be narrated/explained (to be narrated, should be told)

• अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, in its entirety (completely, entirely, without remainder)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - (emphatic or demonstrative, refers to the subject tvam) O that (you), dear son... (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Often used for emphasis or as a placeholder.

तात (tāta) - O dear son (addressing the messenger) (dear son, father, dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear son, dear one (term of endearment)

Note: The ancestors are speaking to an unnamed messenger.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (our plight/situation) (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The messenger sees the ancestors' predicament.

ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should tell/convey (you should speak, you should tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

optative mood

2nd person singular optative active

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The subject is tvam.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the messenger) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of brūyāḥ.

जरत्कारुम् (jaratkārum) - (to) Jarātkāru (Jarātkāru)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jarātkāru (name of an ascetic)

Note: Object of brūyāḥ.

तपस्विनम् (tapasvinam) - the ascetic (ascetic, devotee, one performing austerities)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, practicing austerities

possessive suffix -vin

Root: tapas

Note: Agrees with jaratkārum.

यथादृष्टम् (yathādṛṣṭam) - just as it was seen (by you) (as seen, according to what was seen)

(indeclinable)

compound of yathā (as) and dṛṣṭa (seen)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+dṛṣṭa)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived, observed
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root dṛś
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies ākhyeyam.

इदम् (idam) - this (entire situation or message) (this, this (here))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, the present

Note: Refers to the content of the message.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two parts of the instruction.

अस्मै (asmai) - to him (Jarātkāru) (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here, the present

Note: Refers to Jarātkāru as the recipient of the narration.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the messenger) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of ākhyeyam.

आख्येयम् (ākhyeyam) - should be narrated/explained (to be narrated, should be told)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyeya

ākhyeya - to be told, to be narrated, explicable

future passive participle (kṛtya)

from root khyā (to tell) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with idam.

अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, in its entirety (completely, entirely, without remainder)

(indeclinable)

formed with suffix -tas from aśeṣa (entire)

Note: Adverb modifying ākhyeyam.