महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-41, verse-30

यथा दारान्प्रकुर्यात्स पुत्रांश्चोत्पादयेद्यथा ।
तथा ब्रह्मंस्त्वया वाच्यः सोऽस्माकं नाथवत्तया ॥३०॥

30. yathā dārānprakuryātsa putrāṁścotpādayedyathā ,
tathā brahmaṁstvayā vācyaḥ so'smākaṁ nāthavattayā.

30. yathā dārān prakuryāt saḥ putrān ca utpādayet yathā
tathā brahman tvayā vācyaḥ saḥ asmākam nāthavattayā

30. O Brahmin, you should instruct him so that he takes a wife and produces sons, thereby providing us with protection.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that (so that, in order that, as, just as)

• दारान् (dārān) - a wife (singular sense for plural form) (wives, spouses)

• प्रकुर्यात् (prakuryāt) - he may take (a wife) (he may do, he may make)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Jarātkāru) (he, that)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उत्पादयेत् (utpādayet) - he may beget (sons) (he may produce, he may generate)

• यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that (so that, in order that, as, just as)

• तथा (tathā) - in such a way, thus (in that way, thus, so)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (addressing the messenger) (O Brahmin, O learned one)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the messenger) (by you)

• वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - he should be told/instructed (to be spoken, should be told)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Jarātkāru) (he, that)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (the ancestors') (of us, our)

• नाथवत्तया (nāthavattayā) - for the sake of our protection (by having a protector, for the sake of protection)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that (so that, in order that, as, just as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice to introduce clauses of purpose.

दारान् (dārān) - a wife (singular sense for plural form) (wives, spouses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife, spouse

Note: Object of prakuryāt.

प्रकुर्यात् (prakuryāt) - he may take (a wife) (he may do, he may make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

optative mood

3rd person singular optative active

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is saḥ (Jarātkāru).

सः (saḥ) - he (Jarātkāru) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of prakuryāt and utpādayet.

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child, descendant

Note: Object of utpādayet.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions.

उत्पादयेत् (utpādayet) - he may beget (sons) (he may produce, he may generate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of utpād

optative mood (causative of pad)

3rd person singular optative active, causative of root pad

Prefixes: ut+pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Subject is saḥ (Jarātkāru).

यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that (so that, in order that, as, just as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice to introduce clauses of purpose.

तथा (tathā) - in such a way, thus (in that way, thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the manner of speaking.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (addressing the messenger) (O Brahmin, O learned one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, learned man, creator god Brahmā

Note: The messenger is identified as a Brahmin.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the messenger) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of vācyaḥ.

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - he should be told/instructed (to be spoken, should be told)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, to be said, mentionable

future passive participle (kṛtya)

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (Jarātkāru).

सः (saḥ) - he (Jarātkāru) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Jarātkāru.

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (the ancestors') (of us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive, refers to the ancestors.

नाथवत्तया (nāthavattayā) - for the sake of our protection (by having a protector, for the sake of protection)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of nāthavattā

nāthavattā - state of having a protector/lord/master, protection

abstract noun

from nāthavat (having a protector) + suffix -tā (abstract noun)

Note: Denotes the reason or means for the instruction.