महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-37, verse-8

स च मौनव्रतोपेतो नैव तं प्रत्यभाषत ।
तस्य राजा धनुष्कोट्या सर्पं स्कन्धे समासृजत् ॥८॥

8. sa ca maunavratopeto naiva taṁ pratyabhāṣata ,
tasya rājā dhanuṣkoṭyā sarpaṁ skandhe samāsṛjat.

8. saḥ ca maunavratopetaḥ na eva tam pratyabhāṣata
tasya rājā dhanuṣkoṭyā sarpam skandhe samāsṛjat

8. And he (the sage), observing a vow of silence, did not speak to him (the king). Thereupon, the king placed a snake on his (the sage's) shoulder with the tip of his bow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (the sage, Śamīka) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मौनव्रतोपेतः (maunavratopetaḥ) - observing a vow of silence (endowed with a vow of silence)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just)

• तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - replied (spoke in return, replied)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the sage) (his, of him)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Parīkṣit) (king)

• धनुष्कोट्या (dhanuṣkoṭyā) - with the tip of his bow (with the tip of the bow)

• सर्पम् (sarpam) - a snake (snake)

• स्कन्धे (skandhe) - on (his) shoulder (on the shoulder)

• समासृजत् (samāsṛjat) - placed (placed, put, threw)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (the sage, Śamīka) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sage (Śamīka)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

मौनव्रतोपेतः (maunavratopetaḥ) - observing a vow of silence (endowed with a vow of silence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maunavratopeta

maunavratopeta - endowed with the vow of silence

Compound adjective

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maunavrata+upeta)

• maunavrata – vow of silence
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of mauna (silence) and vrata (vow)
• upeta – endowed with, possessed of
  past participle (neuter)
  past participle
  From root i (to go) with upasarga upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Attribute of 'saḥ'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle

एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, used with 'na'

तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'pratyabhāṣata', referring to the king (Parīkṣit)

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - replied (spoke in return, replied)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the sage) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive pronoun referring to the sage

राजा (rājā) - the king (Parīkṣit) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of the second clause

धनुष्कोट्या (dhanuṣkoṭyā) - with the tip of his bow (with the tip of the bow)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhanuṣkoṭi

dhanuṣkoṭi - bow-tip, end of a bow

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+koṭi)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• koṭi – tip, end, point
  noun (feminine)

Note: Instrument of placing the snake

सर्पम् (sarpam) - a snake (snake)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - snake

Root: sṛp (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'samāsṛjat'

स्कन्धे (skandhe) - on (his) shoulder (on the shoulder)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of skandha

skandha - shoulder, trunk of a tree

Note: Location where the snake was placed

समासृजत् (samāsṛjat) - placed (placed, put, threw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sṛj

Prefix: sam-ā

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the second clause