महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-37, verse-21

वयं तस्य नरेन्द्रस्य विषये निवसामहे ।
न्यायतो रक्षितास्तेन तस्य पापं न रोचये ॥२१॥

21. vayaṁ tasya narendrasya viṣaye nivasāmahe ,
nyāyato rakṣitāstena tasya pāpaṁ na rocaye.

21. vayam tasya narendrasya viṣaye nivasāmahe
nyāyataḥ rakṣitāḥ tena tasya pāpam na rocaye

21. We reside in the territory of that king. We are protected by him justly. Therefore, I do not approve of this sin (i.e., this curse) against him.

Words meanings summery:

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (king) (of that, his (masculine/neuter, genitive))

• नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of that king (of the king, of the lord of men)

• विषये (viṣaye) - in the territory (in the territory, in the domain, in the matter)

• निवसामहे (nivasāmahe) - we reside (we reside, we dwell)

• न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - justly (justly, rightly, according to justice)

• रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected (protected, guarded)

• तेन (tena) - by him (the king) (by that, by him (masculine/neuter, instrumental))

• तस्य (tasya) - his (the king's) (his, of that (masculine/neuter, genitive))

• पापम् (pāpam) - this sin (the curse) (sin, evil, wicked deed)

• न (na) - not

• रोचये (rocaye) - I approve (I approve, I like, I desire)

Words meanings and morphology

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of nivasāmahe.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (king) (of that, his (masculine/neuter, genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of that king (of the king, of the lord of men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men, chief among men

Compound: nara (man) + indra (chief, lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• indra – chief, lord, most excellent (also a proper noun, god Indra)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: id

Note: Qualifies viṣaye.

विषये (viṣaye) - in the territory (in the territory, in the domain, in the matter)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - territory, domain, sphere, object, matter, scope

From vi (apart) + root si (to bind) or śi (to lie).

Note: Indicates location of residence.

निवसामहे (nivasāmahe) - we reside (we reside, we dwell)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (Laṭ) of vas

present tense

From root vas with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - justly (justly, rightly, according to justice)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix tas from nyāya.

Note: Modifies rakṣitāḥ.

रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected (protected, guarded)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved

past passive participle

From root rakṣ (to protect) + suffix -ita.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying vayam.

तेन (tena) - by him (the king) (by that, by him (masculine/neuter, instrumental))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - his (the king's) (his, of that (masculine/neuter, genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पापम् (pāpam) - this sin (the curse) (sin, evil, wicked deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, sinful, bad; a sinner, an evil deed

Note: Refers to the son's curse.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

रोचये (rocaye) - I approve (I approve, I like, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of ruc

causative present tense

Present tense, 1st person singular, middle voice of the root ruc (often causative or dative construction of liking).

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Usually with dative: 'it pleases me'. Here, with accusative 'pāpam', it means 'I do not approve of this sin'.