महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-37, verse-22

सर्वथा वर्तमानस्य राज्ञो ह्यस्मद्विधैः सदा ।
क्षन्तव्यं पुत्र धर्मो हि हतो हन्ति न संशयः ॥२२॥

22. sarvathā vartamānasya rājño hyasmadvidhaiḥ sadā ,
kṣantavyaṁ putra dharmo hi hato hanti na saṁśayaḥ.

22. sarvathā vartamānasya rājñaḥ hi asmad-vidhaiḥ sadā
kṣantavyam putra dharmaḥ hi hataḥ hanti na saṃśayaḥ

22. O son, a king, acting in any manner, must always be forgiven by people like us. For indeed, Dharma, when violated, surely destroys; there is no doubt about it.

22. בני, אנשים כמונו צריכים תמיד לסלוח למלך, יהיה מעשהו אשר יהיה, כי חוקת החיים כשהיא נהרסת הורסת (אותנו), ואין בכך ספק.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in any manner, under all circumstances (in every way, always, by all means)

• वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - of one who is acting/ruling (of one existing, of one being, of one acting)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of a king

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

• अस्मद्-विधैः (asmad-vidhaiḥ) - by people like us (by those like us, by people of our kind)

• सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

• क्षन्तव्यम् (kṣantavyam) - must be forgiven (to be forgiven, to be endured, excusable)

• पुत्र (putra) - O son (son)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - Dharma (moral law, duty, righteousness) (Dharma, righteousness, duty, law)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

• हतः (hataḥ) - violated (referring to Dharma) (killed, struck, destroyed, violated)

• हन्ति (hanti) - destroys (the violator) (kills, strikes, destroys)

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in any manner, under all circumstances (in every way, always, by all means)

(indeclinable)

adverbial formation from 'sarva'

वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - of one who is acting/ruling (of one existing, of one being, of one acting)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being, acting, present

present active participle

from root vṛt with śānac suffix

Root: vṛt (class 1)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of a king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अस्मद्-विधैः (asmad-vidhaiḥ) - by people like us (by those like us, by people of our kind)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of asmadvidha

asmadvidha - of our kind, like us

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (asmad+vidha)

• asmad – we, us
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

क्षन्तव्यम् (kṣantavyam) - must be forgiven (to be forgiven, to be endured, excusable)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣantavya

kṣantavya - to be forgiven, excusable, to be endured

future passive participle

from root kṣam with tavya suffix

Root: kṣam (class 1)

पुत्र (putra) - O son (son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - Dharma (moral law, duty, righteousness) (Dharma, righteousness, duty, law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

हतः (hataḥ) - violated (referring to Dharma) (killed, struck, destroyed, violated)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, ruined, violated

past passive participle

from root han with kta suffix

Root: han (class 2)

हन्ति (hanti) - destroys (the violator) (kills, strikes, destroys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of han

Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

action noun

from root śī (to lie, to doubt) with sam prefix

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

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