महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-197, verse-23

इदं निर्दिग्धमयशः पुरोचनकृतं महत् ।
तेषामनुग्रहेणाद्य राजन्प्रक्षालयात्मनः ॥२३॥

23. idaṁ nirdigdhamayaśaḥ purocanakṛtaṁ mahat ,
teṣāmanugraheṇādya rājanprakṣālayātmanaḥ.

23. idam nirdigdham ayaśaḥ purocanakṛtam mahat
teṣām anugraheṇa adya rājan prakṣālayā ātmanaḥ

23. O King, today, by showing favor to them, wash away this great and indelible disgrace caused by Purocana from your own (ātman).

23. את חרפת הכתם הגדולה הזו שיצר פּוּרוֹצ׳ַנַה, הו מלך, שטוף היום מעליך בחסדך כלפיהם.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this, this here

• निर्दिग्धम् (nirdigdham) - branded, indelible, burnt out, unpardonable

• अयशः (ayaśaḥ) - disgrace, infamy, dishonor

• पुरोचनकृतम् (purocanakṛtam) - done by Purocana, caused by Purocana

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• अनुग्रहेण (anugraheṇa) - by favor, by grace, by kindness

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• प्रक्षालया (prakṣālayā) - wash away, cleanse, purify

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of self, of your (ātman)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this, this here

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the impending disgrace.

निर्दिग्धम् (nirdigdham) - branded, indelible, burnt out, unpardonable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirdigdha

nirdigdha - branded, indelible, burnt out, poisoned, unpardonable

Past Passive Participle

From nir + √dah (to burn) + kta suffix.

Prefix: nis

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ayaśaḥ'. Implies a deep, permanent mark.

अयशः (ayaśaḥ) - disgrace, infamy, dishonor

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ayaśas

ayaśas - disgrace, infamy, dishonor, ill-fame

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+yaśas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• yaśas – fame, glory, honor
  noun (neuter)

पुरोचनकृतम् (purocanakṛtam) - done by Purocana, caused by Purocana

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (purocana+kṛta)

• purocana – Purocana (name of Duryodhana's minister who attempted to burn the Pandavas in the lac house)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the attempt to burn the Pandavas in the lac palace (Lākṣāgṛha).

महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, immense, important

Note: Agrees with 'ayaśaḥ'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

अनुग्रहेण (anugraheṇa) - by favor, by grace, by kindness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anugraha

anugraha - favor, grace, kindness, assistance

From anu + √grah (to seize, take, favor).

Prefix: anu

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Means 'by showing favor to them'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Likely addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

प्रक्षालया (prakṣālayā) - wash away, cleanse, purify

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prakṣālaya

Causative of pra-√kṣal (to wash).

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣal (class 1)

Note: Second person singular imperative.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of self, of your (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature, consciousness

Note: Means 'from your own self/soul'.

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