महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-196, verse-28

अतोऽन्यथा चेत्क्रियते यद्ब्रवीमि परं हितम् ।
कुरवो विनशिष्यन्ति नचिरेणेति मे मतिः ॥२८॥

28. ato'nyathā cetkriyate yadbravīmi paraṁ hitam ,
kuravo vinaśiṣyanti nacireṇeti me matiḥ.

28. ataḥ anyathā cet kriyate yat bravīmi param hitam
| kuravaḥ vinaśiṣyanti na cireṇa iti me matiḥ

28. If what I declare as the supreme good is disregarded and acted upon otherwise, then the Kurus will perish soon; this is my conviction.

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this, thence, therefore, otherwise

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently

• चेत् (cet) - if

• क्रियते (kriyate) - it is done, is made, is performed

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I tell

• परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate, highest

• हितम् (hitam) - good, beneficial, welfare

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the descendants of Kuru, specifically the Kauravas (the Kurus)

• विनशिष्यन्ति (vinaśiṣyanti) - they will perish, will be destroyed

• न (na) - not

• चिरेण (cireṇa) - in a long time, for a long time

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• मे (me) - my, to me

• मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, thought, understanding, mind

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - from this, thence, therefore, otherwise

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'anyathā' to mean 'otherwise than this'.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently

(indeclinable)

From 'anya' + suffix 'thā' indicating manner.

Note: Used adverbially with 'ataḥ'.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

क्रियते (kriyate) - it is done, is made, is performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present passive indicative

From √kṛ, class 8 verb.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is 'yat paramam hitam'.

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'kriyate'.

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say, I tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present active indicative

From √brū, class 2 verb.

Root: brū (class 2)

परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate, highest

(adjective)

neuter, singular of parama

parama - most distant, furthest, last, ultimate, best, principal, supreme

Superlative of 'para'.

Note: Modifies 'hitam'.

हितम् (hitam) - good, beneficial, welfare

(noun)

neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, suitable, good, salutary; welfare, benefit

Past Passive Participle of √dhā (to place), used as a noun or adjective.

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicative nominative to 'yat'.

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the descendants of Kuru, specifically the Kauravas (the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient tribe and kingdom; a descendant of Kuru

Note: Subject of 'vinaśiṣyanti'.

विनशिष्यन्ति (vinaśiṣyanti) - they will perish, will be destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of naś

Future active indicative

From √naś, class 4 verb, with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'cireṇa'.

चिरेण (cireṇa) - in a long time, for a long time

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cira

cira - long (of time), lasting long; late

Note: Adverbial instrumental, 'na cireṇa' means 'not in a long time', i.e., 'soon'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quote or thought.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Enclitic form of 1st person pronoun.

Note: Possessive, 'my opinion'.

मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, thought, understanding, mind

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - thought, mind, understanding, opinion, intention, counsel

From √man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative.