महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-196, verse-22

हीनस्य करणैः सर्वैरुच्छ्वासपरमस्य च ।
यतमानोऽपि तद्राज्यं न शशाकेति नः श्रुतम् ॥२२॥

22. hīnasya karaṇaiḥ sarvairucchvāsaparamasya ca ,
yatamāno'pi tadrājyaṁ na śaśāketi naḥ śrutam.

22. hīnasya karaṇaiḥ sarvaiḥ ucchvāsaparamasya ca |
yatamānaḥ api tat rājyam na śaśāka iti naḥ śrutam

22. We have heard that even when he was deprived of all his faculties and was at the point of death, he tried but could not obtain that kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• हीनस्य (hīnasya) - of the deprived, of the deficient, of the one without

• करणैः (karaṇaiḥ) - by the senses, by the faculties, by the organs

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

• उच्छ्वासपरमस्य (ucchvāsaparamasya) - of the one whose breath is ultimate, of the one at his last breath, of the one about to die

• च (ca) - and, also

• यतमानः (yatamānaḥ) - trying, making effort, striving

• अपि (api) - even, also, though

• तत् (tat) - that

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

• न (na) - not, no

• शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able, he could

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• नः (naḥ) - by us, to us, our

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard

Words meanings and morphology

हीनस्य (hīnasya) - of the deprived, of the deficient, of the one without

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived, deficient, destitute, abandoned, inferior

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hā (to abandon, forsake) with -na suffix, then declined.

Root: hā (class 3)

करणैः (karaṇaiḥ) - by the senses, by the faculties, by the organs

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of karaṇa

karaṇa - instrument, organ, sense, faculty, action, cause

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, complete

उच्छ्वासपरमस्य (ucchvāsaparamasya) - of the one whose breath is ultimate, of the one at his last breath, of the one about to die

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ucchvāsaparama

ucchvāsaparama - having breath as the ultimate, on the verge of death, whose breath is highest

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ucchvāsa+parama)

• ucchvāsa – breathing out, exhaling, breath, sigh
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: śvas (class 2)
• parama – highest, ultimate, supreme, chief
  adjective (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यतमानः (yatamānaḥ) - trying, making effort, striving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, making effort, self-controlled

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root yat (to strive, endeavor) with -māna suffix, then declined.

Root: yat (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, though

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, rule, royalty

Root: rāj (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able, he could

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - by us, to us, our

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Used here in the agentive sense for the passive verb 'śrutam'.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, revealed scripture, famous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru (to hear) with -ta suffix, then declined.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Used impersonally, 'it was heard'.