महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-196, verse-14

दुष्टेन मनसा यो वै प्रच्छन्नेनान्तरात्मना ।
ब्रूयान्निःश्रेयसं नाम कथं कुर्यात्सतां मतम् ॥१४॥

14. duṣṭena manasā yo vai pracchannenāntarātmanā ,
brūyānniḥśreyasaṁ nāma kathaṁ kuryātsatāṁ matam.

14. duṣṭena manasā yaḥ vai pracchanena antarātmanā
brūyāt niḥśreyasam nāma katham kuryāt satām matam

14. Who, with a wicked mind and a concealed inner self (antarātman), would merely utter the name of supreme welfare (niḥśreyasa)? How could such a person perform what is considered right by the virtuous?

Words meanings summery:

• दुष्टेन (duṣṭena) - by a wicked, by a corrupt

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• प्रच्छनेन (pracchanena) - by a hidden, by a concealed

• अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - by the inner self, by the conscience

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - he should speak, he should say

• निःश्रेयसम् (niḥśreyasam) - supreme welfare, ultimate good, liberation (mokṣa)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, merely, so-called

• कथम् (katham) - how?, in what way?

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he should do, he should perform

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of the good

• मतम् (matam) - opinion, view, approved, considered

Words meanings and morphology

दुष्टेन (duṣṭena) - by a wicked, by a corrupt

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - wicked, bad, corrupt, spoiled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root duṣ (to become bad, to sin)

Root: duṣ (class 4)

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

प्रच्छनेन (pracchanena) - by a hidden, by a concealed

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pracchanna

pracchanna - hidden, concealed, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root chad (to cover) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 1)

अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - by the inner self, by the conscience

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of antarātman

antarātman - inner self, conscience, soul (ātman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antara+ātman)

• antara – inner, interior, intermediate
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - he should speak, he should say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

निःश्रेयसम् (niḥśreyasam) - supreme welfare, ultimate good, liberation (mokṣa)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niḥśreyasa

niḥśreyasa - supreme welfare, highest good, ultimate liberation (mokṣa)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa (niḥ+śreyas)

• niḥ – out, forth, without, negation
  prefix
• śreyas – welfare, good, excellence
  noun (neuter)

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, merely, so-called

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how?, in what way?

(indeclinable)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he should do, he should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of the good

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, real

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

मतम् (matam) - opinion, view, approved, considered

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - opinion, view, thought, approved, considered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root man (to think, believe)

Root: man (class 4)