महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-185, verse-11

ते नर्दमाना इव कालमेघाः कथा विचित्राः कथयां बभूवुः ।
न वैश्यशूद्रौपयिकीः कथास्ता न च द्विजातेः कथयन्ति वीराः ॥११॥

11. te nardamānā iva kālameghāḥ; kathā vicitrāḥ kathayāṁ babhūvuḥ ,
na vaiśyaśūdraupayikīḥ kathāstā; na ca dvijāteḥ kathayanti vīrāḥ.

11. te nardamānāḥ iva kālameghāḥ
kathāḥ vicitrāḥ kathayām babhūvuḥ
na vaiśyaśūdropayikīḥ kathāḥ
tāḥ na ca dvijāteḥ kathayanti vīrāḥ

11. Like thundering storm clouds, they told various wonderful stories. These were not tales suitable for Vaiśyas or Śūdras, nor do the heroes tell (such tales) to a twice-born (dvijāti).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• नर्दमानाः (nardamānāḥ) - roaring (like storm clouds) (thundering, roaring (masculine plural nominative))

• इव (iva) - like (thundering storm clouds) (like, as if, as)

• कालमेघाः (kālameghāḥ) - dark, thundering clouds (storm clouds, dark clouds)

• कथाः (kathāḥ) - various stories (stories, tales)

• विचित्राः (vicitrāḥ) - diverse and wonderful (stories) (various, wonderful, strange)

• कथयाम् (kathayām) - in the act of telling (stories) (in telling, in speaking)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were (telling stories) (they became, they were, they occurred)

• न (na) - not (suitable) (not, no)

• वैश्यशूद्रोपयिकीः (vaiśyaśūdropayikīḥ) - stories befitting Vaiśyas and Śūdras (suitable for Vaiśyas and Śūdras (feminine plural accusative))

• कथाः (kathāḥ) - such stories (stories, tales)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (stories) (those (feminine plural nominative))

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• द्विजातेः (dvijāteḥ) - to a twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, or Vaiśya) (of a twice-born (dvijāti))

• कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - the heroes tell (they tell, they relate)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (the Pāṇḍavas) (heroes, brave men)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (the Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

नर्दमानाः (nardamānāḥ) - roaring (like storm clouds) (thundering, roaring (masculine plural nominative))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nardamāna

nardamāna - roaring, thundering, crying, shouting

Present Middle Participle

From root 'nṛd' (to roar, thunder) + 'śānac' suffix

Root: nṛd (class 1)

इव (iva) - like (thundering storm clouds) (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

कालमेघाः (kālameghāḥ) - dark, thundering clouds (storm clouds, dark clouds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kālamegha

kālamegha - dark cloud, storm cloud, a cloud resembling Yama

Compound of 'kāla' (dark, black; time) and 'megha' (cloud)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kāla+megha)

• kāla – time, black, dark
  noun (masculine)
• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'mih' (to sprinkle, urinate)
  Root: mih (class 1)

कथाः (kathāḥ) - various stories (stories, tales)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, discourse

From root 'kath' (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

विचित्राः (vicitrāḥ) - diverse and wonderful (stories) (various, wonderful, strange)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vicitra

vicitra - variegated, diverse, wonderful, strange, curious

From 'vi' (various) + 'citra' (bright, clear)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vi+citra)

• vi – apart, asunder, various
  indeclinable
• citra – bright, clear, variegated, picture, wonderful
  adjective (neuter)

कथयाम् (kathayām) - in the act of telling (stories) (in telling, in speaking)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kathayā

kathayā - telling, narrating (feminine noun)

From root 'kath' (to tell), used as a noun form, locative of 'kathā'

Root: kath (class 10)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they were (telling stories) (they became, they were, they occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect

From root 'bhū' (to be); Perfect 3rd person plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used here with a locative ('kathayām') to express 'engaged in telling'.

न (na) - not (suitable) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

वैश्यशूद्रोपयिकीः (vaiśyaśūdropayikīḥ) - stories befitting Vaiśyas and Śūdras (suitable for Vaiśyas and Śūdras (feminine plural accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vaiśyaśūdropayika

vaiśyaśūdropayika - suitable for or relating to Vaiśyas and Śūdras

Compound of 'vaiśyaśūdra' (Vaiśya and Śūdra) and 'aupayika' (suitable, proper for) via sandhi

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (vaiśyaśūdra+aupayika)

• vaiśyaśūdra – Vaiśya and Śūdra (a dvandva compound)
  noun (masculine)
• aupayika – suitable, fit, proper, appropriate
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'upaya' (means, suitability)
  Prefix: upa

कथाः (kathāḥ) - such stories (stories, tales)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, discourse

From root 'kath' (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

ताः (tāḥ) - those (stories) (those (feminine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

द्विजातेः (dvijāteḥ) - to a twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, or Vaiśya) (of a twice-born (dvijāti))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born, referring to Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas who undergo upanayana

Compound of 'dvi' (twice) and 'jāti' (birth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, lineage, caste, species
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here, 'genitive' implies 'for' or 'to' (dative sense).

कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - the heroes tell (they tell, they relate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kathaya

Present

From root 'kath' (to tell); 10th class verb, Present 3rd person plural

Root: kath (class 10)

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (the Pāṇḍavas) (heroes, brave men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant man, warrior