महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-185, verse-10

सुप्तास्तु ते पार्थिव सर्व एव कृष्णा तु तेषां चरणोपधानम् ।
आसीत्पृथिव्यां शयनं च तेषां दर्भाजिनाग्र्यास्तरणोपपन्नम् ॥१०॥

10. suptāstu te pārthiva sarva eva; kṛṣṇā tu teṣāṁ caraṇopadhānam ,
āsītpṛthivyāṁ śayanaṁ ca teṣāṁ; darbhājināgryāstaraṇopapannam.

10. suptāḥ tu te pārthiva sarve eva
kṛṣṇā tu teṣām caraṇopadhānam
āsīt pṛthivyām śayanam ca
teṣām darbhavarājināstaraṇopapannam

10. But, O King, all of them were asleep, and Kṛṣṇā served as their footrest. Their bed on the ground was furnished with excellent darbha grass and deer skins.

10. כולם ישנו, הו מלך, וקְרְשְׁנָה שימשה להם כרית לרגליים. משכבם על הארץ היה ערוך בעשב דַרְבְּהַה ובעורות איילים מעולים.

Words meanings summery:

• सुप्ताः (suptāḥ) - all of them were asleep (asleep, sleeping, slept)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, indeed, however)

• ते (te) - they (the Pandavas) (they, those)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or similar listener in the Mahābhārata narration) (O King, O son of Prithā)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'all' (indeed, just, only)

• कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā (nominative singular))

• तु (tu) - but (in contrast to the others sleeping) (but, indeed, however)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Pandavas) (of them, to them)

• चरणोपधानम् (caraṇopadhānam) - Kṛṣṇā serving as a footrest for them (footrest, pillow for the feet)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - (Kṛṣṇā) was (their footrest) (was, existed)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the ground (where they slept) (on the earth, on the ground)

• शयनम् (śayanam) - their bed (bed, lying down, sleep)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (bed) (of them, to them)

• दर्भवराजिनास्तरणोपपन्नम् (darbhavarājināstaraṇopapannam) - their bed was covered with excellent darbha grass and deer skins (furnished with excellent darbha grass and deer skins as coverings)

Words meanings and morphology

सुप्ताः (suptāḥ) - all of them were asleep (asleep, sleeping, slept)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, slept

Past Passive Participle

From root 'svap' (to sleep) + 'kta' suffix

Root: svap (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, however (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (the Pandavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra or similar listener in the Mahābhārata narration) (O King, O son of Prithā)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, prince, son of Pṛthā

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth) + 'aṇ' suffix, or from 'Pṛthā'

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'all' (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā (nominative singular))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Kṛṣṇā (proper noun, referring to Draupadī); black, dark blue (feminine)

तु (tu) - but (in contrast to the others sleeping) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Pandavas) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

चरणोपधानम् (caraṇopadhānam) - Kṛṣṇā serving as a footrest for them (footrest, pillow for the feet)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of caraṇopadhāna

caraṇopadhāna - footrest, cushion for the feet

Compound of 'caraṇa' (foot) and 'upadhāna' (pillow, cushion)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (caraṇa+upadhāna)

• caraṇa – foot, leg, movement, conduct
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)
• upadhāna – cushion, pillow, mattress, application
  noun (neuter)
  From 'upa' (near) + root 'dhā' (to place) + 'ana' suffix
  Prefix: upa
  Root: dhā (class 3)

आसीत् (āsīt) - (Kṛṣṇā) was (their footrest) (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

From root 'as' (to be); Imperfect 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the ground (where they slept) (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

शयनम् (śayanam) - their bed (bed, lying down, sleep)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, lying down, sleeping, rest

Agent Noun

From root 'śī' (to lie down, sleep) + 'lyuṭ' suffix

Root: śī (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (bed) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

दर्भवराजिनास्तरणोपपन्नम् (darbhavarājināstaraṇopapannam) - their bed was covered with excellent darbha grass and deer skins (furnished with excellent darbha grass and deer skins as coverings)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of darbhavarājināstaraṇopapanna

darbhavarājināstaraṇopapanna - furnished with excellent darbha grass and deer skins as coverings

Compound of 'darbha' (darbha grass), 'vara' (excellent), 'ajina' (deer skin), 'āstaraṇa' (covering), 'upapanna' (furnished with)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (darbha+vara+ajina+āstaraṇa+upapanna)

• darbha – darbha grass (Poa cynosuroides), sacred grass
  noun (masculine)
• vara – excellent, best, noble, choice
  adjective (masculine)
• ajina – skin, hide, especially deer skin
  noun (neuter)
• āstaraṇa – covering, bed, couch, mattress
  noun (neuter)
  Agent Noun
  From 'ā' (on, upon) + root 'stṛ' (to spread) + 'ana' suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: stṛ (class 5)
• upapanna – furnished with, endowed with, possessed of, suitable, proper
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'upa' (near) + 'pad' (to go, occur) + 'kta' suffix
  Prefix: upa
  Root: pad (class 4)

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