महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-138, verse-28

वयं तु धृतराष्ट्रेण सपुत्रेण दुरात्मना ।
विवासिता न दग्धाश्च कथंचित्तस्य शासनात् ॥२८॥

28. vayaṁ tu dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa saputreṇa durātmanā ,
vivāsitā na dagdhāśca kathaṁcittasya śāsanāt.

28. vayam tu dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa saputreṇa durātmanā
vivāsitāḥ na dagdhāḥ ca kathaṃcit tasya śāsanāt

28. However, we were exiled by the wicked Dhritarashtra, along with his sons, but somehow, by his command, we were not burnt.

Words meanings summery:

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by King Dhritarashtra (by Dhritarashtra)

• सपुत्रेण (saputreṇa) - with his sons, accompanied by his son(s)

• दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - by the wicked (Dhritarashtra) (by the evil-minded, by the wicked one, by the vile soul)

• विवासिताः (vivāsitāḥ) - we were exiled (exiled, banished)

• न (na) - not, no

• दग्धाः (dagdhāḥ) - we were not burnt (burnt, consumed by fire)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - somehow, with difficulty, by any means

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Dhritarashtra's) (his, its, of that)

• शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from the command, from the rule, by the instruction

Words meanings and morphology

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by King Dhritarashtra (by Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

सपुत्रेण (saputreṇa) - with his sons, accompanied by his son(s)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - with a son, accompanied by son(s)

Compound of 'sa' and 'putra'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Dhritarashtra

दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - by the wicked (Dhritarashtra) (by the evil-minded, by the wicked one, by the vile soul)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, having a bad disposition, vile soul

Compound of 'dur' and 'ātman'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult (prefix)
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty, badness, or negativity
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Dhritarashtra

विवासिताः (vivāsitāḥ) - we were exiled (exiled, banished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivāsita

vivāsita - exiled, banished, driven away

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'vas' with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam' (we)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दग्धाः (dagdhāḥ) - we were not burnt (burnt, consumed by fire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dagdha

dagdha - burnt, consumed by fire, scorched

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'dah' (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam' (we)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - somehow, with difficulty, by any means

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - his (Dhritarashtra's) (his, its, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from the command, from the rule, by the instruction

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, order, rule, instruction, governing

Derived from root 'śās' (to rule, instruct)

Root: śās (class 2)